{"id":885,"date":"2026-04-17T13:41:02","date_gmt":"2026-04-17T10:11:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cosmalore.com\/ar\/2026\/04\/17\/%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%b3\/"},"modified":"2026-04-17T13:57:30","modified_gmt":"2026-04-17T10:27:30","slug":"%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%b3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cosmalore.com\/ar\/wiki\/%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%b3\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"geo-wrap\">\n<figure class=\"geo-img-main\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/4\/4b\/La_Tour_Eiffel_vue_de_la_Tour_Saint-Jacques%2C_Paris_ao%C3%BBt_2014_%282%29.jpg\" alt=\"\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633\" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\" \/>\n<figcaption>\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633<\/figcaption>\n<\/figure>\n<div class=\"geo-map-wrap\">\n<div class=\"geo-table-title\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0629<\/div>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633\" src=\"https:\/\/www.openstreetmap.org\/export\/embed.html?bbox=2.211575,48.7863875,2.492825,48.9270125&amp;layer=mapnik&amp;marker=48.8567,2.3522\" width=\"100%\" height=\"320\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<figure class=\"geo-img-locator\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/staticmap.openstreetmap.de\/staticmap.php?center=48.8567,2.3522&amp;zoom=10&amp;size=600x300&amp;markers=48.8567,2.3522,red\" alt=\"\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633\" width=\"500\" height=\"300\" \/>\n<figcaption>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0640\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633<\/figcaption>\n<\/figure>\n<div class=\"geo-article\">\n<h2>\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633<\/h2>\n<p>\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633\u060c \u0639\u0627\u0635\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0644\u0642\u0628 &#8220;\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0631&#8221; \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0631\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0623\u0636\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629. \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0636 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>\u062a\u0642\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627\u060c \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0636 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u064a\u0645\u062a\u062f \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f. \u062a\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0633\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0646: \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0649 (Rive Droite) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u0631\u0649 (Rive Gauche). \u062a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 20 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 (arrondissements) \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0621\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633\u060c \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 105.4 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639. <sup class=\"ref\"><a title=\"1|britannica.com|2023\" href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Paris-capital-of-France\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[1]<\/a><\/sup> \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0632\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 20 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0628\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629. \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0645. \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 (\u00cele-de-France) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u0632\u0621\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0632\u0623 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629. \u062a\u0636\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0627\u062d\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642. <sup class=\"ref\"><a title=\"2|cia.gov\/the-world-factbook|2023\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cia.gov\/the-world-factbook\/countries\/france\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[2]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<h2>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633\u064a<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631 \u0642\u0628\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 &#8220;\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a&#8221; (Parisii) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 (\u00cele de la Cit\u00e9). \u0623\u0637\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u0645 &#8220;\u0644\u0648\u062a\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0627&#8221; (Lutetia).<\/p>\n<h3>\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a<\/h3>\n<p>\u0634\u0647\u062f\u062a \u0644\u0648\u062a\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0627 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638\u0627\u064b \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u0627\u064b \u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627\u064b. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a &#8220;\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633&#8221; \u0648\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0635\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u062c\u0629. <sup class=\"ref\"><a title=\"3|britannica.com|2023\" href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Paris-capital-of-France\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[3]<\/a><\/sup> \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0632\u062f\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0634\u0647\u062f\u062a \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645. \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u0627\u064b \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0631\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0627\u064b. <sup class=\"ref\"><a title=\"4|britannica.com|2023\" href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Paris-capital-of-France\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[4]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<h2>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0638\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0647\u062f \u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0627\u064b \u062f\u064a\u0645\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 ( \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629) \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 2.1 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0645\u0629. <sup class=\"ref\"><a title=\"5|worldbank.org|2023\" href=\"https:\/\/www.worldbank.org\/en\/country\/france\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[5]<\/a><\/sup> \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0641\u062a\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 12 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0645\u0629. <sup class=\"ref\"><a title=\"6|cia.gov\/the-world-factbook|2023\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cia.gov\/the-world-factbook\/countries\/france\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[6]<\/a><\/sup> \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631 \u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629. <sup class=\"ref\"><a title=\"7|un.org|2023\" href=\"https:\/\/www.un.org\/en\/about-us\/un-system\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[7]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<h2>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f<\/h2>\n<p>\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627 \u0648\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645. \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a. \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627. <sup class=\"ref\"><a title=\"8|imf.org|2023\" href=\"https:\/\/www.imf.org\/en\/Countries\/FRA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[8]<\/a><\/sup> \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0627\u064b \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627. \u062a\u0634\u062a\u0647\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629. <sup class=\"ref\"><a title=\"9|britannica.com|2023\" href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Paris-capital-of-France\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[9]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<h2>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>\u062a\u062e\u0636\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0628\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u064f\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 (Conseil de Paris) \u064a\u0631\u0623\u0633\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633. \u064a\u062a\u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629. <sup class=\"ref\"><a title=\"10|britannica.com|2023\" href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Paris-capital-of-France\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[10]<\/a><\/sup> \u062a\u064f\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 20 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0633\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0648\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629. <sup class=\"ref\"><a title=\"11|cia.gov\/the-world-factbook|2023\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cia.gov\/the-world-factbook\/countries\/france\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[11]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<h2>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>\u062a\u0632\u062e\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u062c \u0625\u064a\u0641\u0644 (Eiffel Tower)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0628\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1889\u060c \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0634\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629. <sup class=\"ref\"><a title=\"12|britannica.com|2023\" href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Eiffel-Tower\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[12]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<figure class=\"geo-img-inline\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/6\/6d\/Arc_de_Triomphe_HDR_2007.jpg\" alt=\"\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633\" \/>\n<figcaption>\u0642\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0631 (Arc de Triomphe)<\/figcaption>\n<\/figure>\n<p>\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0642\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0624\u0647 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1806\u060c \u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629. <sup class=\"ref\"><a title=\"13|britannica.com|2023\" href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Arc-de-Triomphe\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[13]<\/a><\/sup> \u0645\u062a\u062d\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0631 (Louvre Museum)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0642\u0644\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u062d\u0641 \u0641\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u064a\u0636\u0645 \u0643\u0646\u0648\u0632\u0627\u064b \u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u062b\u0645\u0646\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0627. <sup class=\"ref\"><a title=\"14|britannica.com|2023\" href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Louvre-Museum\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[14]<\/a><\/sup> \u0643\u0627\u062a\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0648\u062a\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0645 (Notre-Dame Cathedral)\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u0637\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0647\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645. <sup class=\"ref\"><a title=\"15|britannica.com|2023\" href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Notre-Dame-Cathedral\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[15]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<figure class=\"geo-img-inline\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pixabay.com\/get\/g107dd225ac914e37488f5fc1c729ce8983cdf437354e23b535ea30c4aec6730a1ca64c050c98c105e3fb8457999f7961408e233e20e19ef3d0d6a6dda60be2f5_640.jpg\" alt=\"\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633\" \/>\n<figcaption>\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0646\u0632\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0647 (Champs-\u00c9lys\u00e9es)\u060c \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645. \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629<\/figcaption>\n<\/figure>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0642 (M\u00e9tro de Paris)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0648 \u0627\u0632\u062f\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0628 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0627\u064b. <sup class=\"ref\"><a title=\"16|britannica.com|2023\" href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Paris-Metro\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[16]<\/a><\/sup> \u062a\u064f\u0643\u0645\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645 (Tramway) \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0648\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0648. <sup class=\"ref\"><a title=\"17|cia.gov\/the-world-factbook|2023\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cia.gov\/the-world-factbook\/countries\/france\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[17]<\/a><\/sup> \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 (RER) \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0627\u062d\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649. <sup class=\"ref\"><a title=\"18|britannica.com|2023\" href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Paris-capital-of-France\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[18]<\/a><\/sup> \u062a\u0636\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0644 \u062f\u064a\u063a\u0648\u0644 (Charles de Gaulle Airport) \u0648\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0644\u064a (Orly Airport)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0631\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645. <sup class=\"ref\"><a title=\"19|worldbank.org|2023\" href=\"https:\/\/www.worldbank.org\/en\/country\/france\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[19]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<h2>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0636\u0645 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0636\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 (Sorbonne University)\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633-\u0633\u0627\u0643\u0644\u0627\u064a (Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645. <sup class=\"ref\"><a title=\"20|un.org|2023\" href=\"https:\/\/www.un.org\/en\/about-us\/un-system\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[20]<\/a><\/sup> \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u062d\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0641 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0647 (Mus\u00e9e d&#8217;Orsay)\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0641 \u0628\u0648\u0645\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0648 (Centre Pompidou)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0628 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e. <sup class=\"ref\"><a title=\"21|britannica.com|2023\" href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Paris-capital-of-France\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[21]<\/a><\/sup> \u062a\u0634\u062a\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0645\u0634\u0647\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0636 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u062d \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0628\u0631\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645. <sup class=\"ref\"><a title=\"22|imf.org|2023\" href=\"https:\/\/www.imf.org\/en\/Countries\/FRA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[22]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<figure class=\"geo-img-inline\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pixabay.com\/get\/gb71946a19d688d71f9c76fc990ff25a1f92be7ab0fca0f2ecd2f5edde3019c5fb0760297eb9bc3be56bda091e3d725fb47251b4b910608096abe3a7390206770_640.jpg\" alt=\"\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633\" \/>\n<figcaption>\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0648\u0637\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 (Biblioth\u00e8que de France)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0636\u0645 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0636\u062e\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0627\u062a.<\/figcaption>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0640\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633\u060c \u0639\u0627\u0635\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0644\u0642\u0628 &#8220;\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0631&#8221; \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0631\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0623\u0636\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629. \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0636 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 &#8230; <a title=\"\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/cosmalore.com\/ar\/wiki\/%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%b3\/\" aria-label=\"Read more about \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633\">\u0627\u0642\u0631\u0623 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