{"id":286,"date":"2026-07-27T20:56:48","date_gmt":"2026-07-27T20:56:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cosmalore.com\/ar\/?p=286"},"modified":"2026-07-27T20:56:55","modified_gmt":"2026-07-27T20:56:55","slug":"list-of-sultans-of","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cosmalore.com\/ar\/2026\/07\/27\/list-of-sultans-of\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\n  \u062a\u064f\u0645\u062b\u0650\u0651\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0644\u064e\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u064e\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u062d\u064f\u0643\u064e\u0651\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064f\u0645 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Britannica|2025\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[1]<\/a><br \/>\n  <\/sup>\n  <\/p>\n<p>\n    \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064f\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0645\u060c \u0641\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u063a\u0648\u062a \u062b\u064f\u0645\u064e\u0651 \u0628\u0648\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0636\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u064f\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646\u064f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0644\u0651\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1363\u0645 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\u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629\u064d \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u064f\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064c \u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u062a\u062e\u0635\u064f\u0651 \u0633\u064f\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 93 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u0637\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0631 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u064f\u0643\u0645 \u0634\u0647\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062e\u0635\u064f\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064f\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u064f\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062e\u064f\u0644\u0639 \u0644\u0625\u0635\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636.\n        <\/p>\n<p>\n          \u0648\u062a\u0636\u0645\u064f\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0628 \u0633\u064f\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0638 \u0628\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064f\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0625\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1922\u0645\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0644\u063a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064f\u0631\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0650\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u064a\u0648\u0645 3 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 1924\u0645\u060c \u0645\u064f\u0646\u0647\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0633\u062a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064d \u0648\u0646\u064a\u0650\u0651\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064f\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062a\u064e\u0651\u0635\u0644.\n          <\/p>\n<div class=\"infobox\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr class=\"ib-sec\">\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"ib-row\">\n<td class=\"ib-label\">\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<td class=\"ib-val\">\u0622\u0644 \u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646 (\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"ib-row\">\n<td class=\"ib-label\">\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0646<\/td>\n<td class=\"ib-val\">36 \u0633\u064f\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 <sup class=\"ref\"><br \/>\n                        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Ottoman-Empire\/Sultans-of-the-Ottoman-Empire\" title=\"1|Sultans of the Ottoman Empire|The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica|2025\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[1]<\/a><br \/>\n                        <\/sup>\n                        <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"ib-row\">\n<td class=\"ib-label\">\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633<\/td>\n<td class=\"ib-val\">\u0646\u062d\u0648 1299\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"ib-row\">\n<td class=\"ib-label\">\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0621<\/td>\n<td class=\"ib-val\">1 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 1922\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"ib-row\">\n<td class=\"ib-label\">\u0623\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0644 \u0633\u064f\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n<td class=\"ib-val\">\u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0644 (\u0646\u062d\u0648 1299\u0645 \u2013 1323\/1324\u0645)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"ib-row\">\n<td class=\"ib-label\">\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0633\u064f\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n<td class=\"ib-val\">\u0645\u064f\u062d\u0645\u064e\u0651\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633 \u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 (1918\u0645 \u2013 1922\u0645)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"ib-row\">\n<td class=\"ib-label\">\u0623\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u064f\u0643\u0645<\/td>\n<td class=\"ib-val\">\u0633\u064f\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a (46 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"ib-row\">\n<td class=\"ib-label\">\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0631 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u064f\u0643\u0645<\/td>\n<td class=\"ib-val\">\u0645\u064f\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 (93 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"ib-row\">\n<td class=\"ib-label\">\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064f\u0643\u0645<\/td>\n<td class=\"ib-val\">\u0645\u064f\u0644\u0643\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u064f\u0637\u0644\u0642\u0629 (\u062d\u062a\u0649 1876\u0645)\u060c \u062b\u064f\u0645\u064e\u0651 \u0645\u064f\u0644\u0643\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"ib-row\">\n<td class=\"ib-label\">\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td class=\"ib-val\">\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062b\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064f\u0633\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"ib-sec\">\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"ib-row\">\n<td class=\"ib-label\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649<\/td>\n<td class=\"ib-val\">\u0633\u0648\u063a\u0648\u062a \u062b\u064f\u0645\u064e\u0651 \u0628\u0648\u0631\u0635\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"ib-row\">\n<td class=\"ib-label\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td class=\"ib-val\">\u0623\u062f\u0631\u0646\u0629 (\u0645\u0646\u0630 1363\u0645)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"ib-row\">\n<td class=\"ib-label\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<td class=\"ib-val\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0637\u0646\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \/ \u0625\u0633\u0637\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0644 (\u0645\u0646\u0630 1453\u0645)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"ib-sec\">\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0628 \u0645\u064f\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"ib-row\">\n<td class=\"ib-label\">\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0650\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0629<\/td>\n<td class=\"ib-val\">1517\u0645\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"ib-row\">\n<td class=\"ib-label\">\u0625\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0650\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0629<\/td>\n<td class=\"ib-val\">3 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 1924\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table><\/div>\n<h2>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a<\/h2>\n<p>\n\u064a\u064f\u0642\u062f\u0650\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629\u064b \u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629\u064b \u0645\u064f\u0641\u0635\u064e\u0651\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0650\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0650\u062a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u064f\u0631\u062a\u064e\u0651\u0628\u0629\u064b \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0634\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u064f\u062f\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u062d\u064f\u0643\u0645 \u0643\u064f\u0644\u064d\u0651 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0633\u0644\u0641\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u062d\u062f\u062b\u064d \u0645\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0632 \u0639\u0647\u062f\u0647.<sup class=\"ref\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Ottoman-Empire\/Sultans-of-the-Ottoman-Empire\" title=\"1|Sultans of the Ottoman Empire|The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica|2026\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[1]<\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<td>#<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064f\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n<td>\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064f\u0643\u0645<\/td>\n<td>\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064f\u0643\u0645<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u064f\u062f\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064f\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0635\u0650\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0633\u0644\u0641\u0647<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u062d\u062f\u062b\u064d \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0647\u062f\u0647<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>\u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0644<\/td>\n<td>\u0646\u062d\u0648 1299\u0645<\/td>\n<td>1324\u0645<\/td>\n<td>25 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u064f\u0624\u0633\u0650\u0651\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u0648\u0631\u062e\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n<td>1324\u0645<\/td>\n<td>1360\u0645<\/td>\n<td>36 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0644<\/td>\n<td>\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0628\u0648\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631\u064d \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u064f\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0644<\/td>\n<td>1360\u0645<\/td>\n<td>1389\u0645<\/td>\n<td>29 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u062e\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n<td>\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0623\u062f\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>4<\/td>\n<td>\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0644<\/td>\n<td>1389\u0645<\/td>\n<td>1402\u0645<\/td>\n<td>13 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0645\u064f\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0644<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0631\u0644\u0646\u0643<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u2014<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"6\">\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0634 (1402\u0645\u20131413\u0645)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>5<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u064f\u062d\u0645\u064e\u0651\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0644<\/td>\n<td>1413\u0645<\/td>\n<td>1421\u0645<\/td>\n<td>8 \u0623\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0644<\/td>\n<td>\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0636\u0649<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>6<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u064f\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/td>\n<td>1421\u0645\u20131444\u0645\u060c 1446\u0645\u20131451\u0645<\/td>\n<td>\u2014<\/td>\n<td>28 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 (\u062d\u064f\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0646)<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0645\u064f\u062d\u0645\u064e\u0651\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0644<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0627 1444\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>7<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u064f\u062d\u0645\u064e\u0651\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a\u062d<\/td>\n<td>1444\u0645\u20131446\u0645\u060c 1451\u0645\u20131481\u0645<\/td>\n<td>\u2014<\/td>\n<td>32 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 (\u062d\u064f\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0646)<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0645\u064f\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/td>\n<td>\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0637\u0646\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 1453\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>8<\/td>\n<td>\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/td>\n<td>1481\u0645<\/td>\n<td>1512\u0645<\/td>\n<td>31 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0645\u064f\u062d\u0645\u064e\u0651\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0645\u064f\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u062f\u0644\u0633<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>9<\/td>\n<td>\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0644<\/td>\n<td>1512\u0645<\/td>\n<td>1520\u0645<\/td>\n<td>8 \u0623\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/td>\n<td>\u0636\u0645\u064f\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0632\u060c \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0650\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>10<\/td>\n<td>\u0633\u064f\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a<\/td>\n<td>1520\u0645<\/td>\n<td>1566\u0645<\/td>\n<td>46 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0644<\/td>\n<td>\u0630\u064f\u0631\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0650\u0651\u0633\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064f\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>11<\/td>\n<td>\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/td>\n<td>1566\u0645<\/td>\n<td>1574\u0645<\/td>\n<td>8 \u0623\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0633\u064f\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0644<\/td>\n<td>\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0642\u0628\u0631\u0635\u060c \u0647\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>12<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u064f\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b<\/td>\n<td>1574\u0645<\/td>\n<td>1595\u0645<\/td>\n<td>21 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/td>\n<td>\u0635\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0646\u064f\u0641\u0648\u0630 \u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>13<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u064f\u062d\u0645\u064e\u0651\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b<\/td>\n<td>1595\u0645<\/td>\n<td>1603\u0645<\/td>\n<td>8 \u0623\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0645\u064f\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b<\/td>\n<td>\u0642\u062a\u0644 \u062a\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0623\u062e\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>14<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0644<\/td>\n<td>1603\u0645<\/td>\n<td>1617\u0645<\/td>\n<td>14 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0645\u064f\u062d\u0645\u064e\u0651\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b<\/td>\n<td>\u0625\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062e\u0648\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0631\u0642<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>15<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u064f\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0644<\/td>\n<td>1617\u0645\u20131618\u0645\u060c 1622\u0645\u20131623\u0645<\/td>\n<td>\u2014<\/td>\n<td>\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0646 (\u062d\u064f\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0646)<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u062e\u0648 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0644<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u064e\u0651\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>16<\/td>\n<td>\u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/td>\n<td>1618\u0645<\/td>\n<td>1622\u0645<\/td>\n<td>4 \u0623\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0644<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0628\u064d \u0625\u0646\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>17<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u064f\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639<\/td>\n<td>1623\u0645<\/td>\n<td>1640\u0645<\/td>\n<td>17 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0644<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f 1638\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>18<\/td>\n<td>\u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0644<\/td>\n<td>1640\u0645<\/td>\n<td>1648\u0645<\/td>\n<td>8 \u0623\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u062e\u0648 \u0645\u064f\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>19<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u064f\u062d\u0645\u064e\u0651\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639<\/td>\n<td>1648\u0645<\/td>\n<td>1687\u0645<\/td>\n<td>39 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0644<\/td>\n<td>\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646\u0627 1683\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>20<\/td>\n<td>\u0633\u064f\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/td>\n<td>1687\u0645<\/td>\n<td>1691\u0645<\/td>\n<td>4 \u0623\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u062e\u0648 \u0645\u064f\u062d\u0645\u064e\u0651\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0642\u062f\u064e\u0651\u0633\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>21<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/td>\n<td>1691\u0645<\/td>\n<td>1695\u0645<\/td>\n<td>4 \u0623\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u062e\u0648 \u0633\u064f\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/td>\n<td>\u062e\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u064f\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>22<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u064f\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/td>\n<td>1695\u0645<\/td>\n<td>1703\u0645<\/td>\n<td>8 \u0623\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0645\u064f\u062d\u0645\u064e\u0651\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u064f\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0644\u0648\u0641\u062a\u0633\u0627 1699\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>23<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b<\/td>\n<td>1703\u0645<\/td>\n<td>1730\u0645<\/td>\n<td>27 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u062e\u0648 \u0645\u064f\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/td>\n<td>\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>24<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0644<\/td>\n<td>1730\u0645<\/td>\n<td>1754\u0645<\/td>\n<td>24 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0645\u064f\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0627\u062f 1739\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>25<\/td>\n<td>\u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b<\/td>\n<td>1754\u0645<\/td>\n<td>1757\u0645<\/td>\n<td>3 \u0623\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u062e\u0648 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0644<\/td>\n<td>\u062d\u064f\u0643\u0645\u064c \u0647\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0639\u0642\u0628 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u064d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0641\u0635<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>26<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u064f\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b<\/td>\n<td>1757\u0645<\/td>\n<td>1774\u0645<\/td>\n<td>17 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b<\/td>\n<td>\u0647\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>27<\/td>\n<td>\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0644<\/td>\n<td>1774\u0645<\/td>\n<td>1789\u0645<\/td>\n<td>15 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u062e\u0648 \u0645\u064f\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u064f\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u064f\u0686\u0643 \u0642\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u062c\u0647<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>28<\/td>\n<td>\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b<\/td>\n<td>1789\u0645<\/td>\n<td>1807\u0645<\/td>\n<td>18 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0645\u064f\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b<\/td>\n<td>\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>29<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u064f\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639<\/td>\n<td>1807\u0645<\/td>\n<td>1808\u0645<\/td>\n<td>\u0639\u0627\u0645\u064c \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0644<\/td>\n<td>\u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u060c \u062b\u064f\u0645\u064e\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>30<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/td>\n<td>1808\u0645<\/td>\n<td>1839\u0645<\/td>\n<td>31 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u062e\u0648 \u0645\u064f\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 1826\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>31<\/td>\n<td>\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0644<\/td>\n<td>1839\u0645<\/td>\n<td>1861\u0645<\/td>\n<td>22 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/td>\n<td>\u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>32<\/td>\n<td>\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632<\/td>\n<td>1861\u0645<\/td>\n<td>1876\u0645<\/td>\n<td>15 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u062e\u0648 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0644<\/td>\n<td>\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064f\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0625\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>33<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u064f\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633<\/td>\n<td>1876\u0645<\/td>\n<td>1876\u0645<\/td>\n<td>93 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0644<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0631 \u062d\u064f\u0643\u0645\u064d \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>34<\/td>\n<td>\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/td>\n<td>1876\u0645<\/td>\n<td>1909\u0645<\/td>\n<td>33 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u062e\u0648 \u0645\u064f\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>35<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u064f\u062d\u0645\u064e\u0651\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633<\/td>\n<td>1909\u0645<\/td>\n<td>1918\u0645<\/td>\n<td>9 \u0623\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u062e\u0648 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/td>\n<td>\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>36<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u064f\u062d\u0645\u064e\u0651\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633 \u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646<\/td>\n<td>1918\u0645<\/td>\n<td>1922\u0645<\/td>\n<td>4 \u0623\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u062e\u0648 \u0645\u064f\u062d\u0645\u064e\u0651\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633<\/td>\n<td>\u0625\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0633\u064f\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064d \u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u2014<\/td>\n<td>\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a (\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064f\u0644\u0637\u0629)<\/td>\n<td>1922\u0645<\/td>\n<td>1924\u0645<\/td>\n<td>\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0650\u0651 \u0645\u064f\u062d\u0645\u064e\u0651\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633<\/td>\n<td>\u0625\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0650\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<div class=\"ib-foot\">COSMALORE \u00b7 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/div>\n<h2>\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0648\u0636 (1299\u0645\u20131402\u0645)<\/h2>\n<p>\n                                                        \u0634\u0643\u064e\u0651\u0644\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0628\u0629 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\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u064e\u0651\u0639\u0648\u0627 \u0631\u064f\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0632\u0646\u0637\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064f\u0631\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0629.\n                                                        <\/p>\n<h3>\u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0644 (\u0646\u062d\u0648 1299\u0645 \u2013 1324\u0645)<\/h3>\n<p>\n                                                          \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u064f\u0651 \u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0637\u063a\u0631\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0650\u0644\u0633\u064f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062d\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0645\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0631\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u064a\u0647 \u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0629\u064b \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0636\u0648\u0644 \u0642\u064f\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064f\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0632\u0646\u0637\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629\u060c \u062b\u064f\u0645\u064e\u0651 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u064e\u0651 \u0627\u0646\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0646\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645 \u0625\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u064a\u064f\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1299\u0645. \u062a\u0645\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0632 \u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0650\u0651\u0631\u0629 \u0636\u062f\u064e\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0632\u0646\u0637\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u062b\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u064e\u0651 \u062d\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0639\u0647\u062f\u0647\u060c \u0644\u0650\u062a\u0633\u0642\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0628\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u062e\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u064f\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u064f\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629\u064b.<sup class=\"ref\"><br \/>\n                                                          <a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Ottoman-Empire\/Sultans-of-the-Ottoman-Empire\" title=\"1|Sultans of the Ottoman Empire|The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica|2026\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[1]<\/a><br \/>\n                                                          <\/sup>\n                                                          <\/p>\n<h3>\u0623\u0648\u0631\u062e\u0627\u0646 (1324\u0645 \u2013 1360\u0645)<\/h3>\n<p>\n                                                            \u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u062e\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u064f\u0651\u0639\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0628\u0648\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1326\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u064e\u0651\u062e\u0630\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0635\u0645\u0629\u064b \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647\u060c \u062b\u064f\u0645\u064e\u0651 \u0636\u0645\u064e\u0651 \u0646\u064a\u0642\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0645\u064f\u0631\u0633\u0650\u0651\u062e\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062d\u064f\u0636\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0636\u0648\u0644. \u062a\u064f\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064f \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0644 \u062e\u064f\u0637\u0648\u0629\u064d \u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062c\u0646\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u0636\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0644\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0628\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1352\u0645\u060c \u0645\u064f\u0645\u0647\u0650\u0651\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u064f\u0651\u0639\u064d \u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u064f\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0623\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0644 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0629\u064d \u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064f\u062e\u0628\u0648\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u062a\u064f\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a.<sup class=\"ref\"><br \/>\n                                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Ottoman-Empire\/Sultans-of-the-Ottoman-Empire\" title=\"1|Sultans of the Ottoman Empire|The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica|2026\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[1]<\/a><br \/>\n                                                            <\/sup>\n                                                            <\/p>\n<h3>\u0645\u064f\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0644 (1360\u0645 \u2013 1389\u0645)<\/h3>\n<p>\n                                                              \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u064f\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1363\u0645\u060c \u0641\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0635\u0645\u0629\u064b \u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u064e\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u064f\u0651\u0639\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u062a\u0651\u0649 \u0623\u062e\u0636\u0639 \u0635\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0628\u064f\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627. \u062d\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u064f\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1389\u0645 \u0636\u062f\u064e\u0651 \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064d \u0635\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u064e\u0651\u0647\u064f \u0644\u0642\u064a \u062d\u062a\u0641\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u064a\u062f \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064f\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0644\u0650\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0644 \u0633\u064f\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064d \u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u064a\u064f\u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062a\u0627\u0644. \u062e\u0644\u0639 \u0645\u064f\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0644\u0642\u0628 \u00ab\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0646\u062f\u06af\u0627\u0631\u00bb\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0628\u064d \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632 \u064a\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0633\u064f\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064c \u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a.<sup class=\"ref\"><br \/>\n                                                              <a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Ottoman-Empire\/Sultans-of-the-Ottoman-Empire\" title=\"1|Sultans of the Ottoman Empire|The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica|2026\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[1]<\/a><br \/>\n                                                              <\/sup>\n                                                              <\/p>\n<h3>\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0644 (1389\u0645 \u2013 1402\u0645)<\/h3>\n<p>\n                                                                \u0639\u064f\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0644 \u0628\u0644\u0642\u0628 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0639\u0642\u0629\u00bb \u0644\u0633\u064f\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0642\u064f\u0651\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0628\u0647\u062a\u064a\u0651 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0636\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0637\u0646\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u064d \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u0643\u064e\u0651\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u062d\u0642 \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064f\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0635\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0646\u064a\u0643\u0648\u067e\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1396\u0645. \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u064e\u0651 \u0639\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0649 \u0628\u0643\u0627\u0631\u062b\u0629\u064d \u0643\u064f\u0628\u0631\u0649 \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u064f\u0632\u0645 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u062c\u064a\u0648\u0634 \u062a\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0631\u0644\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u064a\u0648\u0645 20 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648 1402\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0623\u0633\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0650\u064a\u062a\u064f\u0648\u0641\u064e\u0651\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631 \u0628\u064f\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0627\u062a\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064e \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u062d\u0631\u0628\u064d \u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629\u064d \u0637\u0627\u062d\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u064e\u0651\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0642\u062f\u064d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646.<sup class=\"ref\"><br \/>\n                                                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Ottoman-Empire\/Sultans-of-the-Ottoman-Empire\" title=\"1|Sultans of the Ottoman Empire|The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica|2026\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[1]<\/a><br \/>\n                                                                <\/sup>\n                                                                <\/p>\n<h2>\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 (1402\u0645\u20131481\u0645)<\/h2>\n<p>\n                                                                  \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u064d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0636\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064f\u0651\u0643 \u0639\u064f\u0631\u0641\u062a \u0628\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0634\u060c \u062a\u0645\u0643\u064e\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0635\u064f\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0635\u062f\u064e\u0651\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0645\u060c \u062b\u064f\u0645\u064e\u0651 \u0628\u0644\u063a\u0648\u0627 \u0630\u064f\u0631\u0648\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0637\u0646\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u063a\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627.\n                                                                  <\/p>\n<h3>\u0645\u064f\u062d\u0645\u064e\u0651\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0644 (1413\u0645 \u2013 1421\u0645)<\/h3>\n<p>\n                                                                    \u062e\u0631\u062c \u0645\u064f\u062d\u0645\u064e\u0651\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0644 \u0645\u064f\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u062e\u0648\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1413\u0645\u060c \u0641\u0623\u0639\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0631\u0633\u0649 \u062f\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064d \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0642\u062f\u064d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0651\u0649 \u0644\u064f\u0642\u0650\u0651\u0628 \u0628\u0640\u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u00bb \u0648\u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0631\u0645\u0650\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629\u00bb. \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u064f\u0643\u0645\u0647 \u062a\u0645\u0631\u064f\u0651\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0628\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645\u0643\u064e\u0651\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062e\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0647\u060c \u0645\u064f\u0631\u0633\u0650\u0651\u062e\u064b\u0627 \u0633\u064f\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f.<sup class=\"ref\"><br \/>\n                                                                    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Ottoman-Empire\/Sultans-of-the-Ottoman-Empire\" title=\"1|Sultans of the Ottoman Empire|The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica|2026\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[1]<\/a><br \/>\n                                                                    <\/sup>\n                                                                    <\/p>\n<h3>\u0645\u064f\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a (1421\u0645 \u2013 1444\u0645\u060c \u062b\u064f\u0645\u064e\u0651 1446\u0645 \u2013 1451\u0645)<\/h3>\n<p>\n                                                                      \u062a\u0645\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0632 \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0645\u064f\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0645\u064f\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a\u064d \u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629\u064d \u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064f\u0646\u062f\u0642\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u064f\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062a\u0648\u064e\u0651\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631\u064d \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u064d \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1444\u0645. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u0629\u064d \u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644 \u0645\u064f\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0634 \u0637\u0648\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u064b \u0644\u0627\u0628\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u064f\u062d\u0645\u064e\u0651\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u0636\u0637\u0631\u064e\u0651 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064f\u0643\u0645 \u0645\u064f\u062c\u062f\u064e\u0651\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629\u064d \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629\u064d \u0648\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0644\u064a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u064e\u0651\u0629\u064b \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0648\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1451\u0645.<sup class=\"ref\"><br \/>\n                                                                      <a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Ottoman-Empire\/Sultans-of-the-Ottoman-Empire\" title=\"1|Sultans of the Ottoman Empire|The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica|2026\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[1]<\/a><br \/>\n                                                                      <\/sup>\n                                                                      <\/p>\n<h3>\u0645\u064f\u062d\u0645\u064e\u0651\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a\u062d (1444\u0645 \u2013 1446\u0645\u060c \u062b\u064f\u0645\u064e\u0651 1451\u0645 \u2013 1481\u0645)<\/h3>\n<p>\n                                                                        \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u064f\u0651 \u0645\u064f\u062d\u0645\u064e\u0651\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0628\u0644\u0642\u0628 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a\u062d\u00bb\u060c \u0623\u0639\u0638\u0645\u064e \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u062a\u0645\u0643\u064e\u0651\u0646 \u0641\u062c\u0631 \u064a\u0648\u0645 29 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 1453\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0637\u0646\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0633\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u0642\u064e\u0651\u0649 \u0645\u0646 <a href=\"https:\/\/cosmalore.com\/ar\/2026\/07\/27\/byzantine-empire\/\" class=\"cl-auto-link\" title=\"\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0632\u0646\u0637\u064a\u0629\">\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0632\u0646\u0637\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629<\/a>\u060c \u0645\u064f\u0646\u0647\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u064f\u062a\u064e\u0651\u062e\u0630\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0635\u0645\u0629\u064b \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u0623\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0648\u0644. \u0639\u0642\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u064f\u062d\u0645\u064e\u0651\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a\u062d \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0648\u0631\u064a\u062b\u064b\u0627 \u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0641\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0628 \u00ab\u0642\u064a\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u00bb \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0623\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0633\u064e\u0651\u0639 \u062d\u064f\u062f\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0635\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0645\u060c 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                                                         <\/sup>\n                                                                        <\/p>\n<h2>\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u0648\u0629 (1481\u0645\u20131566\u0645)<\/h2>\n<p>\n                                                                          \u0634\u0647\u062f\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u063a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u062c \u0642\u0648\u064e\u0651\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0650\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064f\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0629\u064d \u0639\u064f\u0638\u0645\u0649 \u064a\u064f\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0644\u0641 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0633\u064a\u0648\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629.\n                                                                          <\/p>\n<h3>\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a (1481\u0645 \u2013 1512\u0645)<\/h3>\n<p>\n                                                                            \u0627\u062a\u064e\u0651\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0628\u0627\u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639\u064d \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u064f\u064a\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u064f\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0647\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0631\u0643\u064e\u0651\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0648\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064f\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0631\u062d\u064e\u0651\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u0642\u0628 \u0633\u0642\u0648\u0637 \u063a\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1492\u0645\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0637\u0646 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064c \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629. \u0623\u064f\u062c\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0634 \u0644\u0627\u0628\u0646\u0647 \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1512\u0645 \u0625\u062b\u0631 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637\u064d \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u064f\u0648\u0641\u0650\u0651\u064a \u0628\u064f\u0639\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629\u064d \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629.<sup class=\"ref\"><br \/>\n                                                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Ottoman-Empire\/Sultans-of-the-Ottoman-Empire\" title=\"1|Sultans of the Ottoman Empire|The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica|2026\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[1]<\/a><br \/>\n                                                                            <\/sup>\n                                                                            <\/p>\n<h3>\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0644 (1512\u0645 \u2013 1520\u0645)<\/h3>\n<p>\n                                                                              \u0639\u064f\u0631\u0641 \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0644 \u0628\u0644\u0642\u0628 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u00bb \u0623\u0648 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u00bb \u0644\u062d\u0632\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064f\u0643\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062d\u0642\u064e\u0651\u0642 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629\u064d \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629\u064d \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064f\u0643\u0645\u0647 \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a\u064d \u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629\u064b \u0636\u062e\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0648\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0686\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1514\u0645\u060c \u062b\u064f\u0645\u064e\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0651 \u0645\u0631\u062c \u062f\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 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\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0642\u0628 \u00ab\u062e\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0646\u00bb\u060c \u0641\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a.<sup class=\"ref\"><br \/>\n                                                                              <a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Ottoman-Empire\/Sultans-of-the-Ottoman-Empire\" title=\"1|Sultans of the Ottoman Empire|The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica|2026\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[1]<\/a><br \/>\n                                                                              <\/sup>\n                                                                              <\/p>\n<h3>\u0633\u064f\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a (1520\u0645 \u2013 1566\u0645)<\/h3>\n<p>\n                                                                                \u064a\u064f\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0631\u0650\u0651\u062e\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u064e\u0651 \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0633\u064f\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0628\u0640\u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645\u00bb \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u0640\u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u00bb\u060c \u0645\u062b\u064e\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064f\u0631\u0648\u0629 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\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0634\u0631\u0642\u064b\u0627. \u0644\u064f\u0642\u0650\u0651\u0628 \u0628\u0640\u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u00bb \u0644\u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629\u064b \u0636\u062e\u0645\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0638\u064e\u0651\u0645\u062a \u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0650\u0642\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064d \u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0634\u0647\u062f \u0639\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632\u062f\u0647\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0650\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0648\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u064a\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u064f\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0651\u064a\u0647 \u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0627.<sup class=\"ref\"><br \/>\n                                                                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Ottoman-Empire\/Sultans-of-the-Ottoman-Empire\" title=\"1|Sultans of the Ottoman Empire|The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica|2026\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[1]<\/a><br \/>\n                                                                                <\/sup>\n                                                                                <\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\n                                                                                  \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0645 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0633\u064f\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u064f\u0638\u0641\u064e\u0651\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u064f\u0634\u0631\u0650\u0651\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0622\u0646\u064d \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f.<br \/>\n                                                                                  <strong>\u2014 \u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0648\u0631\u062f \u062c\u064a \u0634\u0648\u060c \u0645\u0624\u0631\u0650\u0651\u062e \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0650\u0651\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c 2026<\/strong>\n                                                                                  <\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h2>\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 (1566\u0645\u20131687\u0645)<\/h2>\n<p>\n                                                                                    \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0641\u0627\u0629 \u0633\u064f\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u060c \u062f\u062e\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629\u064b \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064f\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064f\u0643\u0645 \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0650\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064e\u0651\u062f\u062a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0644\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u064a\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629.\n                                                                                    <\/p>\n<h3>\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a (1566\u0645 \u2013 1574\u0645)<\/h3>\n<p>\n                                                                                      \u0644\u064f\u0642\u0650\u0651\u0628 \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0640\u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0642\u0631\u00bb \u0623\u0648 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0650\u0651\u064a\u0631\u00bb \u0644\u0650\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u0648 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u064f\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0633\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0644\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0621. \u0634\u0647\u062f \u0639\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u0641\u062a\u062d \u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0631\u0635 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1571\u0645\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u064e\u0651\u0647 \u0634\u0647\u062f \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064f\u0628\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0648 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0623\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0644 \u0646\u0643\u0633\u0629\u064d \u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629\u064d \u0643\u064f\u0628\u0631\u0649 \u062a\u064f\u0645\u0646\u0649 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0639\u064f\u0642\u0648\u062f.<sup class=\"ref\"><br \/>\n                                                                                      <a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Ottoman-Empire\/Sultans-of-the-Ottoman-Empire\" title=\"1|Sultans of the Ottoman Empire|The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica|2026\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[1]<\/a><br \/>\n                                                                                      <\/sup>\n                                                                                      <\/p>\n<h3>\u0645\u064f\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b (1574\u0645 \u2013 1595\u0645)<\/h3>\n<p>\n                                                                                        \u0627\u062a\u064e\u0651\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0645\u064f\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0633\u064f\u0651\u0639\u064d \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0636\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0648\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u064e\u0651\u0647\u064f \u0634\u0647\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0635\u0627\u0639\u064f\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u064f\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u0646\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u0648\u060c \u0645\u064f\u0645\u0647\u0650\u0651\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0650\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u064f\u0631\u0641 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u0647\u062f \u00ab\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0645\u00bb. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0634\u0647\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a\u064d \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629\u064b \u0645\u064f\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064f\u0631\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629.<sup class=\"ref\"><br \/>\n                                                                                        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Ottoman-Empire\/Sultans-of-the-Ottoman-Empire\" title=\"1|Sultans of the Ottoman Empire|The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica|2026\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[1]<\/a><br \/>\n                                                                                        <\/sup>\n                                                                                        <\/p>\n<h3>\u0645\u064f\u062d\u0645\u064e\u0651\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b (1595\u0645 \u2013 1603\u0645)<\/h3>\n<p>\n                                                                                          \u062a\u0648\u0644\u0651\u0649 \u0645\u064f\u062d\u0645\u064e\u0651\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0634 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0642\u062a\u0644 \u062a\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062e\u0648\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064f\u0643\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629\u064b \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0650\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062e\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u0631\u064e\u0651\u0633\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0646\u064f\u0651\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0646\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629\u064d \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u062f\u0645\u0648\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a. \u0634\u0647\u062f \u0639\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u064f\u0643\u0644\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0633\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u060c \u0639\u064f\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0643\u062a \u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u064a\u0634\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u064d\u0651 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621.<sup class=\"ref\"><br \/>\n                                                                                          <a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Ottoman-Empire\/Sultans-of-the-Ottoman-Empire\" title=\"1|Sultans of the Ottoman Empire|The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica|2026\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[1]<\/a><br \/>\n                                                                                          <\/sup>\n                                                                                          <\/p>\n<h3>\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0644 (1603\u0645 \u2013 1617\u0645)<\/h3>\n<p>\n                                                                                            \u062a\u0648\u0644\u0651\u0649 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0634 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u064f\u0645\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0623\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0650\u0651\u0647 \u0633\u064f\u0644\u0637\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0650\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0645. \u063a\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062e\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0636 \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0641\u0635\u00bb\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b\u064f \u064a\u064f\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0632 \u0625\u062e\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064f\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0642\u0635\u0631\u064d \u0645\u064f\u062e\u0635\u064e\u0651\u0635 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u062a\u0644\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u064c \u0633\u064a\u064f\u0634\u0643\u0650\u0651\u0644 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0650\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1617\u0645. \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064f\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064f\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0633\u0637\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0631\u0642.<sup class=\"ref\"><br \/>\n                                                                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Ottoman-Empire\/Sultans-of-the-Ottoman-Empire\" title=\"1|Sultans of the Ottoman Empire|The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica|2026\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[1]<\/a><br \/>\n                                                                                            <\/sup>\n                                                                                            <\/p>\n<h3>\u0645\u064f\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0644 (1617\u0645 \u2013 1618\u0645\u060c \u062b\u064f\u0645\u064e\u0651 1622\u0645 \u2013 1623\u0645)<\/h3>\n<p>\n                                                                                              \u062a\u0648\u0644\u0651\u0649 \u0645\u064f\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0634 \u0645\u0631\u064e\u0651\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u064f\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062e\u064f\u0644\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0650\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u064d \u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0623\u0642\u0639\u062f\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0644\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u064e\u0651 \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0644 \u0633\u064f\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064d \u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u064a\u064f\u062e\u0644\u0639 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629\u064d \u0633\u062a\u062a\u0643\u0631\u064e\u0651\u0631 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u064f\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631.<sup class=\"ref\"><br \/>\n                                                                                              <a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Ottoman-Empire\/Sultans-of-the-Ottoman-Empire\" title=\"1|Sultans of the Ottoman Empire|The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica|2026\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[1]<\/a><br \/>\n                                                                                              <\/sup>\n                                                                                              <\/p>\n<h3>\u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a (1618\u0645 \u2013 1622\u0645)<\/h3>\n<p>\n                                                                                                \u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0642\u064e\u0651\u0628 \u0628\u0640\u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0628\u00bb\u060c \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0648\u0643\u0628\u062d \u062c\u0645\u0627\u062d \u0646\u064f\u0641\u0648\u0630 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0641\u0623\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u063a\u0636\u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0650\u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0628\u064d \u062f\u0645\u0648\u064a \u0623\u0637\u0627\u062d \u0628\u0647 \u0648\u0623\u0648\u062f\u0649 \u0628\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u062e\u0646\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1622\u0645\u060c \u0644\u064a\u064f\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0644 \u0633\u064f\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064d \u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u064a\u064f\u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u064a\u062f \u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0628\u064d \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629\u064d \u0647\u0632\u064e\u0651\u062a \u0647\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a.<sup class=\"ref\"><br \/>\n                                                                                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Ottoman-Empire\/Sultans-of-the-Ottoman-Empire\" title=\"1|Sultans of the Ottoman Empire|The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica|2026\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[1]<\/a><br \/>\n                                                                                                <\/sup>\n                                                                                                <\/p>\n<h3>\u0645\u064f\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 (1623\u0645 \u2013 1640\u0645)<\/h3>\n<p>\n                                                                                                  \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0634 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0648\u0635\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064e\u0651\u062a\u0647 \u0643\u0648\u0633\u0645 \u0633\u064f\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0623\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0645\u064f\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u064e\u0651\u0647\u064f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u062d\u0632\u0645\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0623\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0633\u064f\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u0628\u0636\u0629\u064d \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062e\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0631\u064f\u0651\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0648\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1638\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062d\u0635\u0627\u0631\u064d \u062f\u0627\u0645. \u0639\u064f\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u063a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0647\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0637\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u064f\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064d \u0642\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629.<sup class=\"ref\"><br \/>\n                                                                                                  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Ottoman-Empire\/Sultans-of-the-Ottoman-Empire\" title=\"1|Sultans of the Ottoman Empire|The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica|2026\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[1]<\/a><br \/>\n                                                                                                  <\/sup>\n                                                                                                  <\/p>\n<h3>\u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0644 (1640\u0645 \u2013 1648\u0645)<\/h3>\n<p>\n                                                                                                    \u0627\u062a\u064e\u0651\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u064d \u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u062a\u062f\u062e\u064f\u0651\u0644 \u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0651\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u062e\u0644\u0639\u0647 \u0648\u0642\u062a\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1648\u0645\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629\u064d \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629\u064d \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629\u064d \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u064f\u0646\u0630\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u0627\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064f\u0638\u0645\u0649 \u0644\u0622\u0644 \u0643\u0648\u067e\u0631\u064a\u0644\u064a.<sup class=\"ref\"><br \/>\n                                                                                                    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Ottoman-Empire\/Sultans-of-the-Ottoman-Empire\" title=\"1|Sultans of the Ottoman Empire|The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica|2026\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[1]<\/a><br \/>\n                                                                                                    <\/sup>\n                                                                                                    <\/p>\n<h3>\u0645\u064f\u062d\u0645\u064e\u0651\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 (1648\u0645 \u2013 1687\u0645)<\/h3>\n<p>\n                                                                                                      \u062a\u0648\u0644\u0651\u0649 \u0645\u064f\u062d\u0645\u064e\u0651\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0634 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u064f\u0645\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u064e\u0651 \u062d\u064f\u0643\u0645\u0647 \u0642\u064f\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627\u060c \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u064f\u0643\u0645\u064d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0633\u064f\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a. \u0634\u0647\u062f \u0639\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629\u064b \u0644\u0650\u0642\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0650\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0622\u0644 \u0643\u0648\u067e\u0631\u064a\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0636\u0645\u064e\u0651 \u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062d\u0635\u0627\u0631\u064d \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u064e\u0651\u0647\u064f \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1683\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0634\u0643\u064e\u0651\u0644\u062a \u0646\u064f\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064f\u0651\u0644\u064d \u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0622\u0630\u0646\u062a \u0628\u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062a\u062f\u0631\u0650\u0651\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062e\u064f\u0644\u0639 \u0645\u064f\u062d\u0645\u064e\u0651\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0629.<sup class=\"ref\"><br \/>\n                                                                                                      <a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Ottoman-Empire\/Sultans-of-the-Ottoman-Empire\" title=\"1|Sultans of the Ottoman Empire|The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica|2026\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[1]<\/a><br \/>\n                                                                                                      <\/sup>\n                                                                                                      <\/p>\n<h2>\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062a\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0629 (1687\u0645\u20131789\u0645)<\/h2>\n<p>\n                                                                                                        \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0633\u0627 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064f\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0642\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u064f\u0651\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631.\n                                                                                                        <\/p>\n<h3>\u0633\u064f\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a (1687\u0645 \u2013 1691\u0645)<\/h3>\n<p>\n                                                                                                          \u062a\u0648\u0644\u0651\u0649 \u0633\u064f\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0634 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0631\u0641\u064d \u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064f\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0642\u0628 \u0647\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u062c\u0627\u0647\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u062a\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0635\u062f\u0631\u064d \u0623\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0643\u0641\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0622\u0644 \u0643\u0648\u067e\u0631\u064a\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u064e\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u062a \u062e\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631.<sup class=\"ref\"><br \/>\n                                                                                                          <a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Ottoman-Empire\/Sultans-of-the-Ottoman-Empire\" title=\"1|Sultans of the Ottoman Empire|The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica|2026\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[1]<\/a><br \/>\n                                                                                                          <\/sup>\n                                                                                                          <\/p>\n<h3>\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a (1691\u0645 \u2013 1695\u0645)<\/h3>\n<p>\n                                                                                                            \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u064e\u0651 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0646\u0647\u0643 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0642\u062f\u064e\u0651\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0636\u0645\u064e\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0633\u0627 \u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064f\u0646\u062f\u0642\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629\u060c \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u0643\u064e\u0651\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064d \u064a\u064f\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629.<sup class=\"ref\"><br \/>\n                                                                                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Ottoman-Empire\/Sultans-of-the-Ottoman-Empire\" title=\"1|Sultans of the Ottoman Empire|The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica|2026\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[1]<\/a><br \/>\n                                                                                                            <\/sup>\n                                                                                                            <\/p>\n<h3>\u0645\u064f\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a (1695\u0645 \u2013 1703\u0645)<\/h3>\n<p>\n                                                                                                              \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0649 \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0645\u064f\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u064f\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0644\u0648\u0641\u062a\u0633\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1699\u0645\u060c \u0623\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0644 \u0645\u064f\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629\u064d \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064d \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064d \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u064f\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u060c \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0633\u0627 \u0648\u062d\u064f\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064d \u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d \u0628\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u064f\u0639 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0629. \u0623\u062f\u064e\u0651\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0621\u064c \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0645\u0631\u064f\u0651\u062f\u064d \u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0623\u0637\u0627\u062d \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1703\u0645.<sup class=\"ref\"><br \/>\n                                                                                                              <a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Ottoman-Empire\/Sultans-of-the-Ottoman-Empire\" title=\"1|Sultans of the Ottoman Empire|The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica|2026\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[1]<\/a><br \/>\n                                                                                                              <\/sup>\n                                                                                                              <\/p>\n<h3>\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b (1703\u0645 \u2013 1730\u0645)<\/h3>\n<p>\n                                                                                                                \u0639\u064f\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0628\u0640\u00ab\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629\u00bb (\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0646\u0628\u0642)\u060c \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0650\u0651\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0650\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0634\u0647\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u0625\u0633\u0637\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0650\u0651\u0631\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u064f\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u064f\u062f\u062e\u0644\u062a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0623\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0644 \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629\u064d \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u064a\u062f \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u064f\u062a\u0641\u0631\u0650\u0651\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1727\u0645. \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0649 \u0639\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1730\u0645 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0637\u060c \u0641\u062e\u064f\u0644\u0639 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627.<sup class=\"ref\"><br \/>\n                                                                                                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Ottoman-Empire\/Sultans-of-the-Ottoman-Empire\" title=\"1|Sultans of the Ottoman Empire|The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica|2026\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[1]<\/a><br \/>\n                                                                                                                <\/sup>\n                                                                                                                <\/p>\n<h3>\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0644 (1730\u0645 \u2013 1754\u0645)<\/h3>\n<p>\n                                                                                                                  \u062a\u0645\u0643\u064e\u0651\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0647\u062f\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0639\u0642\u0628 \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0642\u062f\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0633\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1739\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u0645\u064f\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0635\u0631\u064d \u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629.<sup class=\"ref\"><br \/>\n                                                                                                                  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Ottoman-Empire\/Sultans-of-the-Ottoman-Empire\" title=\"1|Sultans of the Ottoman Empire|The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica|2026\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[1]<\/a><br \/>\n                                                                                                                  <\/sup>\n                                                                                                                  <\/p>\n<h3>\u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b (1754\u0645 \u2013 1757\u0645)<\/h3>\n<p>\n                                                                                                                    \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0636\u0649 \u0645\u064f\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062c\u0648\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0641\u0635 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0623\u062b\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u064b\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u064f\u0643\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062a\u064e\u0651\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064f\u0628\u0631\u0649.<sup class=\"ref\"><br \/>\n                                                                                                                    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Ottoman-Empire\/Sultans-of-the-Ottoman-Empire\" title=\"1|Sultans of the Ottoman Empire|The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica|2026\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[1]<\/a><br \/>\n                                                                                                                    <\/sup>\n                                                                                                                    <\/p>\n<h3>\u0645\u064f\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b (1757\u0645 \u2013 1774\u0645)<\/h3>\n<p>\n                                                                                                                      \u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u064f\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064f\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0628\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a\u064d \u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629\u064d \u0645\u064f\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u064f\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u062e\u064f\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u064e\u0651 \u0639\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0649 \u0628\u0643\u0627\u0631\u062b\u0629\u064d \u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0643\u064f\u0628\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 (1768\u0645\u20131774\u0645)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0641\u0631\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u062e\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u062f\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u064f\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u064f\u0686\u0643 \u0642\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0630\u0644\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0628\u064f\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0646\u062d\u062a \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u062d\u0642\u064e\u0651 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062b\u0648\u0630\u0643\u0633.<sup class=\"ref\"><br \/>\n                                                                                                                      <a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Ottoman-Empire\/Sultans-of-the-Ottoman-Empire\" title=\"1|Sultans of the Ottoman Empire|The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica|2026\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[1]<\/a><br \/>\n                                                                                                                      <\/sup>\n                                                                                                                      <\/p>\n<h3>\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0644 (1774\u0645 \u2013 1789\u0645)<\/h3>\n<p>\n                                                                                                                        \u062a\u0648\u0644\u0651\u0649 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0634 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0628 \u0647\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0629\u064d \u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629\u064d \u0633\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0642\u064e\u0651\u0639 \u0645\u064f\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u064f\u0686\u0643 \u0642\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1774\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644\u062a \u0628\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0645\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u064e\u0651\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0636\u0645\u064e\u0651\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0628\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064f\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0629\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u064e\u0651\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0644\u0650\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a\u064e\u0651\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629.<sup class=\"ref\"><br \/>\n                                                                                                                        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Ottoman-Empire\/Sultans-of-the-Ottoman-Empire\" title=\"1|Sultans of the Ottoman Empire|The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica|2026\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[1]<\/a><br \/>\n                                                                                                                        <\/sup>\n                                                                                                                        <\/p>\n<h2>\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a (1789\u0645\u20131876\u0645)<\/h2>\n<p>\n                                                                                                                          \u0648\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a\u064c \u0645\u064f\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0633\u0639\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0650\u0645\u064f\u0648\u0627\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u0642\u064e\u0651\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629.\n                                                                                                                          <\/p>\n<h3>\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b (1789\u0645 \u2013 1807\u0645)<\/h3>\n<p>\n                                                                                                                            \u0623\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u00bb\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0644 \u0645\u064f\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629\u064d \u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629\u064d \u062c\u0627\u062f\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u060c \u0641\u0623\u0633\u064e\u0651\u0633 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u064f\u062f\u0631\u064e\u0651\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629. \u0623\u062b\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0629\u064b \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0631\u0623\u062a \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0650\u0646\u064f\u0641\u0648\u0630\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0642\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0637\u0627\u062d \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1807\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0642\u064f\u062a\u0644 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u064f\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0628\u064d \u0645\u064f\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0651.<sup class=\"ref\"><br \/>\n                                                                                                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Ottoman-Empire\/Sultans-of-the-Ottoman-Empire\" title=\"1|Sultans of the Ottoman Empire|The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica|2026\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[1]<\/a><br \/>\n                                                                                                                            <\/sup>\n                                                                                                                            <\/p>\n<h3>\u0645\u064f\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 (1807\u0645 \u2013 1808\u0645)<\/h3>\n<p>\n                                                                                                                              \u062a\u0648\u0644\u0651\u0649 \u0645\u064f\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0634 \u0628\u062f\u0639\u0645\u064d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u0641\u0647 \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u062e\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0648\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0634\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u064e\u0651\u0647\u064f \u062e\u064f\u0644\u0639 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0642\u0644\u064e\u0651 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u064a\u062f \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629\u064d \u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629\u064d \u0645\u064f\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631.<sup class=\"ref\"><br \/>\n                                                                                                                              <a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Ottoman-Empire\/Sultans-of-the-Ottoman-Empire\" title=\"1|Sultans of the Ottoman Empire|The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica|2026\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[1]<\/a><br \/>\n                                                                                                                              <\/sup>\n                                                                                                                              <\/p>\n<h3>\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a (1808\u0645 \u2013 1839\u0645)<\/h3>\n<p>\n                                                                                                                                \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u064f\u0651 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0646\u0641\u064e\u0651\u0630 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1826\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u0639\u064f\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0640\u00ab\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0631\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629\u00bb\u060c \u0641\u0642\u0636\u0649 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0642\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064d \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u062f\u062e\u064f\u0651\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0634\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0633\u064e\u0651\u0633 \u062c\u064a\u0634\u064b\u0627 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a. \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u0650\u0651\u064a\u0627\u062a\u064d \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629\u064b \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629\u064b \u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0641\u0636\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645\u0631\u064f\u0651\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u0627\u062f \u064a\u064f\u0637\u064a\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u064f\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a.<sup class=\"ref\"><br \/>\n                                                                                                                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Ottoman-Empire\/Sultans-of-the-Ottoman-Empire\" title=\"1|Sultans of the Ottoman Empire|The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica|2026\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[1]<\/a><br \/>\n                                                                                                                                <\/sup>\n                                                                                                                                <\/p>\n<h3>\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0644 (1839\u0645 \u2013 1861\u0645)<\/h3>\n<p>\n                                                                                                                                  \u0623\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1839\u0645 \u062e\u0637\u064e\u0651 \u0647\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0643\u064f\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062f\u0634\u064e\u0651\u0646 \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a\u00bb\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062d\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a\u064d \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629\u064d \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629\u064d \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0628\u064f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064e\u0651\u0629\u064b\u060c \u0645\u064f\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u064f\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646. \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0641 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0645 \u0636\u062f\u064e\u0651 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 (1853\u0645\u20131856\u0645)\u060c \u0648\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1856\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u064f\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u00ab\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649\u00bb \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a.<sup class=\"ref\"><br \/>\n                                                                                                                                  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thecollector.com\/ottoman-sultans\/\" title=\"2|13 Most Important Ottoman Sultans Who Defined an Empire|TheCollector|2026\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[2]<\/a><br \/>\n                                                                                                                                  <\/sup>\n                                                                                                                                  <\/p>\n<h3>\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 (1861\u0645 \u2013 1876\u0645)<\/h3>\n<p>\n                                                                                                                                    \u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0623\u064f\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0636\u062e\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u064f\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0622\u0646\u0630\u0627\u0643\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u064e\u0651 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u064e\u0651\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064f\u0645 \u062f\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064d \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629\u064d \u0636\u062e\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1875\u0645. \u062e\u064f\u0644\u0639 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0628\u064d \u0642\u0635\u0631\u0647 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1876\u0645\u060c \u0648\u062a\u064f\u0648\u0641\u0650\u0651\u064a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0627\u0645\u064d \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641\u064d \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u0644\u064d \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627.<sup class=\"ref\"><br \/>\n                                                                                                                                    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Ottoman-Empire\/Sultans-of-the-Ottoman-Empire\" title=\"1|Sultans of the Ottoman Empire|The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica|2026\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[1]<\/a><br \/>\n                                                                                                                                    <\/sup>\n                                                                                                                                    <\/p>\n<h2>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 (1876\u0645\u20131922\u0645)<\/h2>\n<p>\n                                                                                                                                      \u0634\u0647\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u064f\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064f\u0651\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0644\u0643\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0637\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0644\u0643\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062e\u0644\u064e\u0651\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a\u064c \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629\u064c \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629\u064c \u0645\u064f\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064f\u0651\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627.\n                                                                                                                                      <\/p>\n<h3>\u0645\u064f\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 (1876\u0645)<\/h3>\n<p>\n                                                                                                                                        \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062f\u064f\u0645 \u062d\u064f\u0643\u0645 \u0645\u064f\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629\u064d \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0631 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u064f\u0643\u0645\u064d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u062e\u064f\u0644\u0639 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0625\u0635\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u064d \u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u062d\u0627\u062f\u0651 \u0623\u0642\u0639\u062f\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u064f\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0650\u0651\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0636\u0649 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0635\u0631 \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631\u0627\u063a\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0625\u0633\u0637\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u062a\u0651\u0649 \u0648\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1904\u0645.<sup class=\"ref\"><br \/>\n                                                                                                                                        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Ottoman-Empire\/Sultans-of-the-Ottoman-Empire\" title=\"1|Sultans of the Ottoman Empire|The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica|2026\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[1]<\/a><br \/>\n                                                                                                                                        <\/sup>\n                                                                                                                                        <\/p>\n<h3>\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a (1876\u0645 \u2013 1909\u0645)<\/h3>\n<p>\n                                                                                                                                          \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u064f\u0651 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0643\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u062d\u064f\u0643\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0630\u0627 \u0648\u0632\u0646\u064d \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1876\u0645\u060c \u0645\u064f\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0650\u0651\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0644 \u0633\u064f\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064d \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0644\u0650\u0651\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0645\u0637\u064d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064f\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0634\u062f\u064e\u0651\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u064e\u0651 \u0644\u0650\u0639\u064f\u0642\u0648\u062f\u064d \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629. \u062a\u0628\u0646\u064e\u0651\u0649 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629\u00bb \u0644\u0650\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0650\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u064f\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0650\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0639\u062f\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0643\u064f\u0628\u0631\u0649 \u0643\u062e\u0637\u0650\u0651 \u0633\u0643\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0632\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u064e\u0651\u0647\u064f \u0627\u0636\u0637\u064f\u0631\u064e\u0651 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064d \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u064f\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u0628\u0631\u0635 \u0648\u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u060c \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u064f\u0637\u064a\u062d \u0628\u0647 \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1908\u0645 \u0648\u064a\u064f\u062e\u0644\u0639 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1909\u0645.<sup class=\"ref\"><br \/>\n                                                                                                                                          <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thecollector.com\/ottoman-sultans\/\" title=\"2|13 Most Important Ottoman Sultans Who Defined an Empire|TheCollector|2026\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[2]<\/a><br \/>\n                                                                                                                                          <\/sup>\n                                                                                                                                          <\/p>\n<h3>\u0645\u064f\u062d\u0645\u064e\u0651\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 (1909\u0645 \u2013 1918\u0645)<\/h3>\n<p>\n                                                                                                                                            \u062a\u0648\u0644\u0651\u0649 \u0645\u064f\u062d\u0645\u064e\u0651\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0634 \u0628\u0635\u0641\u0629\u064d \u0631\u0645\u0632\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629\u064d \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0622\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064f\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0642\u0650\u0651\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0640\u00ab\u062a\u064f\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0629\u00bb. \u062f\u062e\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1914\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064d \u0627\u062a\u064e\u0651\u062e\u0630\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062a\u064f\u0648\u0641\u0650\u0651\u064a \u0645\u064f\u062d\u0645\u064e\u0651\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0642\u064f\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0628\u0623\u0634\u0647\u064f\u0631\u064d \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629\u060c \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0650\u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u0647.<sup class=\"ref\"><br \/>\n                                                                                                                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Ottoman-Empire\/Sultans-of-the-Ottoman-Empire\" title=\"1|Sultans of the Ottoman Empire|The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica|2026\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[1]<\/a><br \/>\n                                                                                                                                            <\/sup>\n                                                                                                                                            <\/p>\n<h3>\u0645\u064f\u062d\u0645\u064e\u0651\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633 \u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 (1918\u0645 \u2013 1922\u0645)<\/h3>\n<p>\n                                                                                                                                              \u062a\u0633\u0644\u064e\u0651\u0645 \u0645\u064f\u062d\u0645\u064e\u0651\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633 \u0639\u0631\u0634\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u064f\u062b\u0642\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064f\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621\u064d \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0642\u064e\u0651\u0639 \u0645\u064f\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0630\u0644\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1920\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u062f\u062a \u062a\u064f\u0646\u0647\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627. \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0635\u0627\u0639\u064f\u062f \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064f\u0631\u0643\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u064f\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u062a\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0643\u060c \u0623\u0644\u063a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064f\u0631\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0646\u0629 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0645 1 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 1922\u0645\u060c \u0641\u063a\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u064f\u062d\u0645\u064e\u0651\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633 \u0625\u0633\u0637\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u064a\u0648\u0645 17 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0633\u0641\u064a\u0646\u0629\u064d \u062d\u0631\u0628\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629\u064d \u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u064f\u062a\u064e\u0651\u062c\u0647\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0645\u064f\u0646\u0647\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0633\u0650\u062a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064d \u0648\u0646\u064a\u0650\u0651\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064f\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062a\u064e\u0651\u0635\u0644.<sup class=\"ref\"><br \/>\n                                                                                                                                              <a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Ottoman-Empire\/Sultans-of-the-Ottoman-Empire\" title=\"1|Sultans of the Ottoman Empire|The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica|2026\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[1]<\/a><br \/>\n                                                                                                                                              <\/sup>\n                                                                                                                                              <\/p>\n<h3>\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a (1922\u0645 \u2013 1924\u0645\u060c \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0629\u064c \u0628\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064f\u0644\u0637\u0629)<\/h3>\n<p>\n                                                                                                                                                \u0639\u0642\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064f\u0631\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0650\u0651 \u0645\u064f\u062d\u0645\u064e\u0651\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633\u060c \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0629\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0635\u0641\u0629\u064d \u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629\u064d \u0635\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u064f\u062c\u0631\u064e\u0651\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0650\u0651 \u0633\u064f\u0644\u0637\u0629\u064d \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629. \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062f\u064f\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0632\u064a \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0623\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064f\u0631\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0645 3 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 1924\u0645\u060c \u0648\u063a\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0641\u0649\u060c \u0645\u064f\u0646\u0647\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u0642\u064e\u0651\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0624\u0633\u064e\u0651\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0650\u0633\u064f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0622\u0644 \u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0629.<sup class=\"ref\"><br \/>\n                                                                                                                                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Ottoman-Empire\/Sultans-of-the-Ottoman-Empire\" title=\"1|Sultans of the Ottoman Empire|The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica|2026\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[1]<\/a><br \/>\n                                                                                                                                                <\/sup>\n                                                                                                                                                <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0622\u0644 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