{"id":2756,"date":"2026-06-10T14:30:20","date_gmt":"2026-06-10T11:00:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cosmalore.com\/ar\/?p=2756"},"modified":"2026-06-10T14:30:20","modified_gmt":"2026-06-10T11:00:20","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a5%d9%85%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%b7%d9%88%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%aa%d8%ba%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cosmalore.com\/ar\/wiki\/%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a5%d9%85%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%b7%d9%88%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%aa%d8%ba%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"<article class=\"cosmalore-article\" lang=\"ar\" dir=\"rtl\">\n<p><!-- ==================== \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 ==================== --><\/p>\n<section id=\"introduction\">\n<h2 id=\"koz-h-0\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>\n\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: <em>Imp\u00e9rio Portugu\u00eas<\/em>) \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 <strong>\u0623\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b<\/strong> \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 <strong>\u0633\u062a\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629<\/strong>\u060c \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0661\u0664\u0661\u0665\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0628\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0661\u0669\u0669\u0669\u0645. \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0644\u0633\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0626\u060c \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0622\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629. <sup class=\"ref\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.marefa.org\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%AA%D8%BA%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9\" title=\"1|\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629|\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629|2023\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[1]<\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0647\u0627 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062a\u061b \u0641\u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u064a \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0641\u062a\u062d \u0642\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u062a \u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0642\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u062a \u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627. <sup class=\"ref\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ar.thpanorama.com\/articles\/historia\/colonias-portuguesas-historia-desarrollo-y-declive.html\" title=\"2|\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u0644\u0627\u0642|Thpanorama|2024\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[2]<\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0637\u064a\u0626\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u060c \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 <strong>\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644<\/strong> (\u0661\u0663\u0668\u0665\u2013\u0661\u0664\u0663\u0663\u0645) \u0628\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0642\u062a \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 <strong>\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644<\/strong> (\u0661\u0664\u0669\u0665\u2013\u0661\u0665\u0662\u0661\u0645) \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0639\u064f\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0640&#8221;\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0638\u0648\u0638&#8221; \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0643\u0645\u0647 \u0634\u0647\u062f\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0648 \u062f\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0661\u0664\u0669\u0668\u0645. <sup class=\"ref\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ebsco.com\/research-starters\/history\/portuguese-empire\" title=\"3|Portuguese Empire|EBSCO Research Starters|2025\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[3]<\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\u064a\u0643\u062a\u0633\u064a \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629\u064b \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u061b \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0643\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0639\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629: \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0639 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0662\u0665\u0660 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062d \u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629. <sup class=\"ref\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AA%D8%BA%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9\" title=\"4|\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629|\u0648\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0628\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629|2024\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[4]<\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<p><!-- ==================== \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u06cc ==================== --><\/p>\n<section id=\"infobox-section\">\n<div class=\"infobox\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr class=\"ib-title\">\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"ib-sec\">\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"ib-row\">\n<td class=\"ib-label\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a<\/td>\n<td class=\"ib-val\">\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 (Imp\u00e9rio Portugu\u00eas)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"ib-row\">\n<td class=\"ib-label\">\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td class=\"ib-val\">\u0661\u0664\u0661\u0665\u0645 \u2013 \u0661\u0669\u0669\u0669\u0645 (\u0665\u0668\u0664 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"ib-row\">\n<td class=\"ib-label\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a<\/td>\n<td class=\"ib-val\">\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0648\u0646\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"ib-row\">\n<td class=\"ib-label\">\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td class=\"ib-val\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"ib-row\">\n<td class=\"ib-label\">\u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td class=\"ib-val\">\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f (\u0661\u0664\u0669\u0668\u0645) \u2013 \u0641\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0648 \u062f\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0627<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"ib-sec\">\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"ib-row\">\n<td class=\"ib-label\">\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641\u064a<\/td>\n<td class=\"ib-val\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0646\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d (\u0661\u0663\u0669\u0664\u2013\u0661\u0664\u0666\u0660\u0645)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"ib-row\">\n<td class=\"ib-label\">\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td class=\"ib-val\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0627\u0624\u0647<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"ib-row\">\n<td class=\"ib-label\">\u0623\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0643<\/td>\n<td class=\"ib-val\">\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 (\u0661\u0664\u0669\u0665\u2013\u0661\u0665\u0662\u0661\u0645) &#8211; &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0638\u0648\u0638&#8221; <sup class=\"ref\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.marefa.org\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%AA%D8%BA%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9\" title=\"5|\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629|\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629|2023\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[5]<\/a><\/sup><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"ib-sec\">\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"ib-row\">\n<td class=\"ib-label\">\u0641\u064a \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627<\/td>\n<td class=\"ib-val\">\u0623\u0646\u063a\u0648\u0644\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0632\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0642\u060c \u063a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u060c \u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062c\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0636\u0631\u060c \u0633\u0627\u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0628<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"ib-row\">\n<td class=\"ib-label\">\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f<\/td>\n<td class=\"ib-val\">\u063a\u0648\u0627 (\u0623\u0647\u0645 \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0629 \u0622\u0633\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629)\u060c \u062f\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062f\u064a\u0648\u060c \u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0643\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"ib-row\">\n<td class=\"ib-label\">\u0641\u064a \u0622\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td class=\"ib-val\">\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0648 (\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646) &#8211; \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 (\u0638\u0644\u062a \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0661\u0669\u0669\u0669\u0645)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"ib-row\">\n<td class=\"ib-label\">\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0626<\/td>\n<td class=\"ib-val\">\u062a\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0632\u0631 \u0633\u0648\u0645\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u062c\u0632\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"ib-row\">\n<td class=\"ib-label\">\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0646<\/td>\n<td class=\"ib-val\">\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644 (\u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629) &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0661\u0668\u0662\u0662\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"ib-row\">\n<td class=\"ib-label\">\u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627 \u0648\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627<\/td>\n<td class=\"ib-val\">\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0629 (\u0645\u0646 \u0661\u0664\u0661\u0665\u0645)\u060c \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 (\u0645\u0646 \u0661\u0664\u0667\u0667\u0645)\u060c \u0637\u0646\u062c\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"ib-sec\">\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"ib-row\">\n<td class=\"ib-label\">\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644<\/td>\n<td class=\"ib-val\">\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644 &#8211; \u0667 \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 \u0661\u0668\u0662\u0662\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"ib-row\">\n<td class=\"ib-label\">\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td class=\"ib-val\">\u0661\u0669\u0666\u0661\u2013\u0661\u0669\u0667\u0664\u0645 (\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"ib-row\">\n<td class=\"ib-label\">\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td class=\"ib-val\">\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0648 &#8211; \u0662\u0660 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 \u0661\u0669\u0669\u0669\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"ib-sec\">\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u062b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"ib-row\">\n<td class=\"ib-label\">\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td class=\"ib-val\">\u062a\u0633\u0639 \u062f\u0648\u0644 (\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0623\u0646\u063a\u0648\u0644\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0632\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0642\u060c \u063a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u060c \u062a\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"ib-row\">\n<td class=\"ib-label\">\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td class=\"ib-val\">\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0662\u0665\u0660 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0634\u062e\u0635<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<div class=\"ib-foot\">COSMALORE \u00b7 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<p><!-- ==================== \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 ==================== --><\/p>\n<p><!-- ============ \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 ============ --><\/p>\n<section id=\"origins-henry\">\n<h2 id=\"koz-h-1\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629: \u0647\u0646\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u064a\u0626\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>\n\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0642\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a: <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0646\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d<\/strong> (\u0661\u0663\u0669\u0664\u2013\u0661\u0664\u0666\u0660\u0645)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644. \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0631\u064a \u0628\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0650\u0651\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0628\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0646\u0642 \u0642\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629\u064b \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0642\u0648\u0629\u064b \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647 \u062d\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d: \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0641 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0622\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0645\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629. <sup class=\"ref\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AA%D8%BA%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9\" title=\"6|\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629|\u0648\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0628\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629|2024\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[6]<\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0661\u0664\u0661\u0665\u0645\u060c \u0623\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0647\u0646\u0631\u064a \u062d\u0645\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649: \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0645\u0626\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0644\u0641 \u062c\u0646\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0631\u0642 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0627\u064b. \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0645\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064b: \u0631\u0645\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0639\u0637\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0637\u0626 \u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628. \u062b\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0647\u0646\u0631\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u063a\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0628\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062c\u0645\u0651\u0639 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 (\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627) \u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627. <sup class=\"ref\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ar.thpanorama.com\/articles\/historia\/colonias-portuguesas-historia-desarrollo-y-declive.html\" title=\"7|\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629|Thpanorama|2024\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[7]<\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0631\u0633\u0644 \u0647\u0646\u0631\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u060c \u0643\u0644 \u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0647 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u064a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062b\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0631\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u064a\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0624\u064a\u062a\u0647. \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631: \u0641\u064a \u0661\u0664\u0664\u0660\u0645 \u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0628\u0648\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0643\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 &#8220;\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645&#8221; \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0661\u0664\u0665\u0666\u0645 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0631\u062e\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0636\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0661\u0664\u0667\u0661\u0645 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0622\u0646\u0630\u0627\u0643. <sup class=\"ref\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.marefa.org\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%AA%D8%BA%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9\" title=\"8|\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629|\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629|2023\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[8]<\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<p><!-- ============ \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a ============ --><\/p>\n<section id=\"da-gama-route\">\n<h2 id=\"koz-h-2\">\u0641\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0648 \u062f\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f: \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>\n\u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0661\u0664\u0669\u0665\u0645\u060c \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 <strong>\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644<\/strong> \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 <strong>\u0641\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0648 \u062f\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0627<\/strong> (\u0661\u0664\u0666\u0660\u2013\u0661\u0665\u0662\u0664\u0645)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0651\u0646\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a. \u0641\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648 \u0661\u0664\u0669\u0667\u0645 \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0634\u0628\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u064b \u0648\u062c\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644. <sup class=\"ref\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%83%D9%88_%D8%AF%D8%A7_%D8%BA%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7\" title=\"9|\u0641\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0648 \u062f\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0627|\u0648\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0628\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629|2024\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[9]<\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0631\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0646: \u0625\u0628\u062d\u0627\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 &#8220;\u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0631&#8221; \u0644\u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631\u0647\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0642 \u0634\u0631\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0632\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0642 (\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0629) \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u062f\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u062f\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0631\u0623\u062a \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0643\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0649 <strong>\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u062f<\/strong>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u064f\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0631\u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u064a. \u0648\u0641\u064a <strong>\u0662\u0667 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 \u0661\u0664\u0669\u0668\u0645<\/strong> \u0648\u0637\u0626\u062a \u0642\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0647 \u0634\u0627\u0637\u0626 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0648\u062a (\u0643\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0643\u0648\u062f) \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0642\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b. <sup class=\"ref\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.albawabhnews.com\/4030435\" title=\"10|\u0641\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0648 \u062f\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f|\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u0632|2020\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[10]<\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064c \u062c\u064a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u064f\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0631 \u062d\u0642 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646\u0647\u061b \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0641\u062a\u062d \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627 \u0648\u0622\u0633\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0633\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0644\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u064a. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0644 \u062c\u064a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629: \u0645\u0646 \u0644\u062d\u0638\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062d \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0626\u0629. <sup class=\"ref\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mawdoo3.com\/%D8%B1%D8%AD%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%83%D9%88_%D8%AF%D8%A7_%D8%BA%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%83%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%A9\" title=\"11|\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0648 \u062f\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629|\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639|2024\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[11]<\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\n&#8220;\u0637\u0648\u0642\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0628\u0642\u064e \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0634\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637.&#8221;<br \/>\n<strong>\u2014 \u0641\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0648 \u062f\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0627\u060c \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0632\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0661\u0664\u0669\u0668\u0645<\/strong>\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<\/section>\n<p><!-- ============ \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b ============ --><\/p>\n<section id=\"portuguese-network\">\n<h2 id=\"koz-h-3\">\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629: \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646<\/h2>\n<p>\n\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u062f\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0661\u0664\u0669\u0669\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641. \u0623\u0631\u0633\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f \u0644\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0661\u0665\u0660\u0665\u0645 \u0639\u064a\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 <strong>\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0633\u0643\u0648 \u062f\u064a \u0623\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627<\/strong> \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0641\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0661\u0665\u0661\u0661\u0645 \u0641\u062a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0648 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0641\u0648\u0646\u0633\u0648 \u062f\u064a \u0623\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0631\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0644\u0642\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u0627\u064b \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0641\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0622\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062f. <sup class=\"ref\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.marefa.org\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%AA%D8%BA%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9\" title=\"12|\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629|\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629|2023\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[12]<\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\u0648\u0628\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0661\u0665\u0667\u0661\u0645\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u062f \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0623\u062a \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u062a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0634\u0628\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0627\u063a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0643\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u064a. \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645: \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062e\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0635\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0635\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a <strong>\u063a\u0648\u0627<\/strong> (\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0661\u0665\u0661\u0660\u0645 \u0648\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0622\u0633\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648<strong>\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0648<\/strong> (\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0633\u0648\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0661\u0665\u0665\u0667\u0645 \u0648\u0633\u062a\u0638\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0661\u0669\u0669\u0669\u0645\u060c \u0648<strong>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644<\/strong> \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0648\u0623\u063a\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642. <sup class=\"ref\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AA%D8%BA%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9\" title=\"13|\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629|\u0648\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0628\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629|2024\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[13]<\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0648\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0645\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621\u061b \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062d\u0642\u0642\u062a \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0626\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u062c\u0646\u064a \u062b\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0622\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627. \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0632\u062f\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u061b \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627 \u0648\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a. \u0648\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062a \u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u062a\u0627\u062c \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0661\u0665\u0668\u0660\u2013\u0661\u0666\u0664\u0660\u0645\u060c \u062c\u0631\u0651 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u062d\u0631\u0648\u0628 \u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0636\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u062f \u0639\u0627\u062c\u0632\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0622\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f. <sup class=\"ref\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AA%D8%BA%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9\" title=\"14|\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629|\u0648\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0628\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629|2024\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[14]<\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<p><!-- ============ \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 ============ --><\/p>\n<section id=\"brazil-jewel\">\n<h2 id=\"koz-h-4\">\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644: \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>\n\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0622\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u0647\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d <strong>\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648 \u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0643\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0644<\/strong> \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0661\u0665\u0660\u0660\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0631\u0636\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0647 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f. \u0623\u062f\u0631\u0643\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629. \u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629&#8221; \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0639\u0637\u0649 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645. \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0636\u062e\u0645 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u064a\u0651\u0646\u062a \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0661\u0665\u0664\u0668\u0645. <sup class=\"ref\"><a href=\"https:\/\/daralhikma.org\/index.php\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AA%D8%BA%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9\" title=\"15|\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629|\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629|2024\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[15]<\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0635\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629\u061b \u0641\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0633\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0635\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u062c\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0647\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062b\u0631\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u061b \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0640Fazendas) \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064d \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645. \u0648\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0634\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u062d\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0631 \u0628\u0640 \u0665.\u0668 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644. <sup class=\"ref\"><a href=\"https:\/\/islamstory.com\/ar\/artical\/3409240\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AD%D8%AA%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AA%D8%BA%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%A5%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A7\" title=\"16|\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627|\u0642\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645|2020\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[16]<\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\u0648\u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0661\u0668\u0660\u0668\u0645 \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u063a\u0632\u0627 \u0646\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627. \u0641\u0631\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 <strong>\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633<\/strong> \u0628\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f\u062b \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0635\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b <strong>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629<\/strong>: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644! \u0639\u064a\u0651\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0628\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631 <strong>\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644<\/strong> \u0646\u0627\u0626\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0647 \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0648\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0661\u0668\u0662\u0661\u0645\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u064a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0644\u0648 (\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b) \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u062d\u0643\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648. <sup class=\"ref\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%8A%D9%84\" title=\"17|\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644|\u0648\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0628\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629|2024\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[17]<\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\u0641\u064a \u0667 \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 \u0661\u0668\u0662\u0662\u0645\u060c \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0629 \u0639\u064f\u0631\u0641\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 &#8220;\u0635\u0631\u062e\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627&#8221; (Grito do Ipiranga)\u060c \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629. \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0623\u062a\u0650 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0661\u0668\u0662\u0665\u0645. \u0648\u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0642\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u063a\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0647\u0645\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0638\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0648\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645. <sup class=\"ref\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AE_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B9%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1\" title=\"18|\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631|\u0648\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0628\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629|2024\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[18]<\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<p><!-- ============ \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 ============ --><\/p>\n<section id=\"decline-africa\">\n<h2 id=\"koz-h-5\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0633\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627<\/h2>\n<p>\n\u0628\u0639\u062f \u062e\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0661\u0668\u0662\u0662\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0622\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u062f\u0631\u0643\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u062d\u062a\u0645\u064a. \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0650\u0648\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0648\u0621\u060c \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0633\u0643 \u0628\u062d\u0648\u0632\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629&#8221;. \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0638\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0648 (\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u063a\u0627\u0644)\u060c \u063a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u060c \u062c\u0632\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0636\u0631\u060c \u0633\u0627\u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0623\u0646\u063a\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627. \u0628\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0661\u0668\u0669\u0660\u2013\u0661\u0669\u0661\u0664\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a (\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u063a\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0642) \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629. <sup class=\"ref\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ar.thpanorama.com\/articles\/historia\/colonias-portuguesas-historia-desarrollo-y-declive.html\" title=\"19|\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629|Thpanorama|2024\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[19]<\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0633\u0643 \u0628\u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0632\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631\u061b \u0641\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0628\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0638\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062f\u064a\u0643\u062a\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u062a \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0661\u0669\u0667\u0664\u0645 (\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629) \u062a\u062a\u0634\u0628\u062b \u0628\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629. \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0634\u064a\u0629 (\u0661\u0669\u0666\u0661\u2013\u0661\u0669\u0667\u0664\u0645) \u0636\u062f \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u063a\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0648 \u0648\u062a\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 &#8220;\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646\u0641\u0644&#8221; \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0661\u0669\u0667\u0664\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0637\u0627\u062d\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0643\u062a\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0646\u062a \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0661\u0669\u0667\u0665\u0645 \u0646\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0623\u0646\u063a\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0648 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u062c\u0632\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0636\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0627\u064b. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0661\u0669\u0669\u0669\u0645 \u0633\u0644\u0651\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627: \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0665\u0668\u0664 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631. <sup class=\"ref\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AA%D8%BA%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9\" title=\"20|\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629|\u0648\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0628\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629|2024\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[20]<\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<p><!-- ============ \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633 ============ --><\/p>\n<section id=\"systems-administration\">\n<h2 id=\"koz-h-6\">\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>\n\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u064b \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627. \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0624\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632\u0627\u064b \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0642\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u062a \u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 &#8220;\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0629&#8221; \u0648&#8221;\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629\u064b&#8221; \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645: \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629. \u0641\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 (\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0633)\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u0645 (\u0643\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0633 \u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0633)\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0645\u062b\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u060c \u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u0651\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0642\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0632\u062a \u0646\u062e\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629. <sup class=\"ref\"><a href=\"https:\/\/daralhikma.org\/index.php\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%B8%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AA%D8%BA%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A\" title=\"21|\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627|\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629|2024\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[21]<\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0633\u0641\u0631\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0636\u0629: \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0623\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 &#8220;\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629&#8221; \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0631\u0623\u0649 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0636\u0639\u0641\u0627\u064b \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0641\u0633\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0646\u0639\u0629. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0644\u0651 \u0639\u0646\u0641\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0623\u0642\u0644\u0651 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0636\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0634\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0645.\n<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<p><!-- ============ \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639 ============ --><\/p>\n<section id=\"trade-slavery\">\n<h2 id=\"koz-h-7\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062f\u062d<\/h2>\n<p>\n\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a <strong>\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621. \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0621\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0661\u0664\u0664\u0660\u0645 \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a. \u0648\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0661\u0665\u0660\u0660\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0632\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0627\u064b: \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0644\u0632\u0645 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u064a\u062f \u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631. \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0661\u0665\u0660\u0660 \u0648\u0661\u0668\u0660\u0660\u0645\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0646\u0642\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0665 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646. <sup class=\"ref\"><a href=\"https:\/\/islamstory.com\/ar\/artical\/3409240\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AD%D8%AA%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AA%D8%BA%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%A5%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A7\" title=\"22|\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627|\u0642\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645|2020\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[22]<\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0651\u0639\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0636\u0641\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0647\u0627 &#8220;\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0630&#8221; \u0644\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0647\u0648 \u0641\u0636\u0644 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a. \u0648\u0638\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0645\u062a\u0623\u062e\u0631 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0627\u064b: \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0644\u063a\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0627\u064b \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0661\u0667\u0667\u0663\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0661\u0668\u0667\u0663\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0631\u0642)\u060c \u0648\u0638\u0644\u062a \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u062e\u0631\u0629&#8221; \u0648&#8221;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0647&#8221;. \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0643\u062a \u0646\u062f\u0648\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0651\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0648\u0623 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629.\n<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<p><!-- ============ \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646 ============ --><\/p>\n<section id=\"cultural-legacy\">\n<h2 id=\"koz-h-8\">\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a: \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0648\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u062a<\/h2>\n<p>\n\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0638\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629. <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0647\u064a \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0639 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644 (\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0636\u0645 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0662\u0661\u0660 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a)\u060c \u0623\u0646\u063a\u0648\u0644\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0632\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0642\u060c \u063a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u060c \u062a\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0632\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0636\u0631\u060c \u0633\u0627\u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0638\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u064a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 <strong>\u0662\u0665\u0660 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0634\u062e\u0635<\/strong>\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0625\u0631\u062b \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u062b\u0645\u0646. <sup class=\"ref\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AA%D8%BA%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9\" title=\"23|\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629|\u0648\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0628\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629|2024\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[23]<\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0642\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u064a \u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f \u062d\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0631\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629: \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0627 (\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0641\u0627)\u060c \u0637\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062f\u064a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0629)\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0644\u0647\u062c\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062d\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627\u060c \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0638 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u063a\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0642\u0648\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0622\u0633\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0648 \u0638\u0644\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0638 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0661\u0669\u0669\u0669\u0645. \u0648\u0643\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u062b \u062c\u0639\u0644 <strong>\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong> (CPLP) \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0633\u0639 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643.\n<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<p><!-- ============ \u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629 ============ --><\/p>\n<section id=\"conclusion\">\n<h2 id=\"koz-h-9\">\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629: \u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0648\u0644<\/h2>\n<p>\n\u062a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u0627\u064b \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631: \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629\u064b \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u064b. \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0631\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a. \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b. <sup class=\"ref\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.marefa.org\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%AA%D8%BA%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9\" title=\"24|\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629|\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629|2023\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[24]<\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0625\u0631\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0642\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064d \u0641\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0635\u0645\u0629 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0639\u0648\u0628 \u0623\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627. \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0642\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0634\u0639\u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0622\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0640\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u064a\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062a\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0628\u062c\u062f\u0642 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062d\u0634\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0639\u0628\u0648\u062f\u064a\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0645\u062d\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a (\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u062a\u0647) \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0642\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0632\u062c \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u0648\u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0642 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0643\u0642\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u064a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0643\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0651\u0644 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a.\n<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/article>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0623\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[156,165],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2756","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-al-tarikh","category-al-duwal-wal-imbaraturiyat"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cosmalore.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2756","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cosmalore.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cosmalore.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cosmalore.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cosmalore.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2756"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/cosmalore.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2756\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2757,"href":"https:\/\/cosmalore.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2756\/revisions\/2757"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cosmalore.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2756"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cosmalore.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2756"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cosmalore.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2756"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}