{"id":2574,"date":"2026-08-16T15:01:34","date_gmt":"2026-08-16T15:01:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cosmalore.com\/ar\/?p=2574"},"modified":"2026-08-27T00:02:16","modified_gmt":"2026-08-27T00:02:16","slug":"nasser","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cosmalore.com\/ar\/2026\/08\/16\/nasser\/","title":{"rendered":"\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 (1918\u20131970) \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a 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\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644<\/td>\n\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629<\/td>\nGamal Abdel Nasser Hussein<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f<\/td>\n15 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 1918<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0631<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0627\u0629<\/td>\n28 \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 1970<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0627\u0629<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0631<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0627\u0629<\/td>\n52 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u0629<\/td>\n\u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0631\u062c\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n\u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/td>\n\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 23 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648<\/td>\n1952<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n1953<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0631<\/td>\n1956\u20131970<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629<\/td>\n1958\u20131961<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
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\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629<\/td>\n\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0638\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/a>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0632<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
COSMALORE \u00b7 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631<\/h2>\n

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\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 23 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648 1952<\/h2>\n

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\u0627\u0644\u0633\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/h2>\n

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\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0633 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1956<\/h2>\n

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\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n

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\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n

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\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1961<\/h2>\n

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\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629<\/h2>\n

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\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 1967<\/h2>\n

\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0628 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 1967 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0647\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631. \u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a 5 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0634\u0646\u062a \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0636\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0636\u062f \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0648\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u062a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u062a\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u063a\u0632\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a.<\/p>\n

\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0636\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062d\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0641\u0648\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0641 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0646.[26]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

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\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u062d\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629<\/h2>\n

\u0641\u064a 9 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 1967 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628\u0647\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u062e\u0631\u062c\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u062a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0647. \u0641\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u0629. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u062b \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n

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\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0641<\/h2>\n

\u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0648\u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062d\u0631\u0628 1967\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0639\u062f\u062a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 1968\u20131970. \u0633\u0639\u062a \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0642\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u062c\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644.<\/p>\n

\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u062c\u0632\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0629. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u062a\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 1973<\/a> \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n

\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f 1967<\/h2>\n

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\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u062e\u0634\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f. \u0648\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u0644 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0641\u0627\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631.<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n

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\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629<\/h2>\n

\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629<\/em> \u0639\u0627\u0645 1954\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a. \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b: \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a.[27]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639<\/h2>\n

\u0634\u0647\u062f\u062a \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a\u0647\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0632\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u0650 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u062a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u060c \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631<\/h2>\n

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\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/h2>\n

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\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 1970 \u0644\u0639\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062a\u0627\u0644 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0627\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1970<\/h2>\n

\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a 28 \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 1970\u060c \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0627\u0629 52 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u0637.[28]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

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\n\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u062d\u064a\u0644 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1970 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0649 \u0628\u0648\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629.
\n\u2014 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629<\/strong>\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631<\/h2>\n

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\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a<\/h2>\n

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\u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0629 1967 \u0648\u0648\u0641\u0627\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0648\u0635\u0639\u0648\u062f \u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0628\u0642\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0647. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0638\u0644 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0634\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a<\/h2>\n

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\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/h2>\n

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\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631<\/h2>\n

\u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e\u064a\u0646. \u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0642\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0633\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0631\u0648\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0628\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u060c \u062a\u0631\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0636\u0639\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u0628\u0642\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0628 1967 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0646. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0639\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0630 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b.<\/p>\n

\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629<\/h2>\n

\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u062e\u0637\u0628\u0647 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0627. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629<\/a> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0628. \u062c. \u0641\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u064e\u0648\u062a\u0650\u0633 Nasser and His Generation<\/em>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u0631\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0632\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u0637\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u0636\u0639\u0647 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a.[29]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u062c\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u063a\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0646 Nasser’s Blessed Movement: Egypt’s Free Officers and the July Revolution<\/em> \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064f\u062a\u062d\u062a \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0648\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c\u0647 \u0648\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0625\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647.[30]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

\u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0633 Nasser’s Gamble<\/em> \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u0628 1967\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0631\u064f\u0641\u0639\u062a \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0636\u0639\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u0628\u0642\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0628 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648.[31]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0631\u0627 \u062c\u064a\u0645\u0633 Nasser at War: Arab Images of the Enemy<\/em> \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u062a \u0628\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644\u062a \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0631\u0628 1967 \u0648\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0641. \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0648\u0625\u0631\u062b\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a.[32]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

\u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0627\u062a<\/h2>\n

\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u062a \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u0646 1918 \u0625\u0644\u0649 1970\u060c \u0623\u064a 52 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u062a \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0648\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647. \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a 23 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648 1952\u060c \u0648\u0623\u064f\u0639\u0644\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1953\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a 1954\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a 1956. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0642\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a 1958 \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0649 1961. \u0648\u0641\u064a 1962 \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a \u0647\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 1967\u060c \u062a\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0641 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0648\u0641\u0627\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1970.[33]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631<\/h2>\n

\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0647. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629<\/em>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/em>\u060c \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1948.[34]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631<\/h2>\n

\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 Nasser and His Generation<\/em> \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e P. J. Vatikiotis\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1978\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062e\u0631\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a.[35]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 Joel Gordon\u060c Nasser’s Blessed Movement: Egypt’s Free Officers and the July Revolution<\/em>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0646\u0634\u0631\u062a\u0647 Oxford University Press \u0639\u0627\u0645 1992\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0635\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0644\u0647 \u0637\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0646 American University in Cairo Press. \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631\u064a.[36]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0633\u060c \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 Suez 1956: The Crisis and its Consequences<\/em> \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062d\u0631\u0631\u0647 Wm. Roger Louis \u0648Roger Owen \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629\u061b \u0625\u0630 \u064a\u0636\u0645 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629.[37]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 Wm. Roger Louis\u060c The End of the British Empire in the Middle East, 1952\u20131971<\/em>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0646 Oxford University Press \u0639\u0627\u0645 2025. \u0648\u064a\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0641\u0635\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0642\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/a>.[38]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u0628 1967\u060c \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 Jesse Ferris\u060c Nasser’s Gamble: How Intervention in Yemen Caused the Six-Day War and the Decline of Egyptian Power<\/em>\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0646\u0634\u0631\u062a\u0647 Princeton University Press. \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0645\u0631\u0641\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a.[39]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

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