{"id":2319,"date":"2026-08-15T16:40:37","date_gmt":"2026-08-15T16:40:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cosmalore.com\/ar\/?p=2319"},"modified":"2026-08-19T11:03:18","modified_gmt":"2026-08-19T11:03:18","slug":"ghaznavid-dynasty","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cosmalore.com\/ar\/2026\/08\/15\/ghaznavid-dynasty\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u062d\u0643\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u062e\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0629 977\u0645 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1186\u0645\u060c \u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0644\u0628 \u0622\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629<sup class=\"ref\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Ghaznavid-dynasty\" title=\"1|Ghaznavid dynasty | Empire, Rulers, &amp; History|Encyclopaedia Britannica|2026\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[1]<\/a><\/sup>. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0633\u0628\u0643\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u063a\u0632\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0641\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0633\u0637\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0628\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0646\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u062c\u064a\u062d\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u064a<sup class=\"ref\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Ghaznavid-dynasty\" title=\"1|Ghaznavid dynasty | Empire, Rulers, &amp; History|Encyclopaedia Britannica|2026\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[1]<\/a><\/sup>. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062d\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0631\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0642 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0628\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u063a\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0627\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0628 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0633\u064a<sup class=\"ref\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/summary\/Mahmud-king-of-Ghazna\" title=\"2|Ma\u1e25m\u016bd of Ghazna summary|Encyclopaedia Britannica|2026\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[2]<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<div class=\"infobox\">\n<table>\n<tr class=\"ib-sec\">\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"ib-row\">\n<td class=\"ib-label\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645<\/td>\n<td class=\"ib-val\">\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"ib-row\">\n<td class=\"ib-label\">\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<td class=\"ib-val\">977\u0645 &#8211; 1186\u0645<sup class=\"ref\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Ghaznavid-dynasty\" title=\"1|Ghaznavid dynasty | Empire, Rulers, &amp; History|Encyclopaedia Britannica|2026\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[1]<\/a><\/sup><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"ib-row\">\n<td class=\"ib-label\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0645\u0629<\/td>\n<td class=\"ib-val\">\u063a\u0632\u0646\u0629\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0644\u0627\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627<sup class=\"ref\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Ghaznavid-dynasty\" title=\"1|Ghaznavid dynasty | Empire, Rulers, &amp; History|Encyclopaedia Britannica|2026\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[1]<\/a><\/sup><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"ib-row\">\n<td class=\"ib-label\">\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062f<\/td>\n<td class=\"ib-val\">\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u062c\u064a\u062d\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u064a<sup class=\"ref\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Ghaznavid-dynasty\" title=\"1|Ghaznavid dynasty | Empire, Rulers, &amp; History|Encyclopaedia Britannica|2026\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[1]<\/a><\/sup><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"ib-row\">\n<td class=\"ib-label\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633<\/td>\n<td class=\"ib-val\">\u0633\u0628\u0643\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0646 (\u062d\u0643\u0645 977 &#8211; 997)<sup class=\"ref\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Ghaznavid-dynasty\" title=\"1|Ghaznavid dynasty | Empire, Rulers, &amp; History|Encyclopaedia Britannica|2026\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[1]<\/a><\/sup><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"ib-sec\">\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"ib-row\">\n<td class=\"ib-label\">\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0646\u0648\u064a<\/td>\n<td class=\"ib-val\">998 &#8211; 1030\u060c \u0630\u0631\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629<sup class=\"ref\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mahmud-king-of-Ghazna\" title=\"3|Ma\u1e25m\u016bd | Afghan Ruler &amp; Conqueror|Encyclopaedia Britannica|2026\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[3]<\/a><\/sup><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"ib-row\">\n<td class=\"ib-label\">\u0625\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647<\/td>\n<td class=\"ib-val\">\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1010\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u0627\u0637 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f<sup class=\"ref\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Ghaznavid-dynasty\" title=\"1|Ghaznavid dynasty | Empire, Rulers, &amp; History|Encyclopaedia Britannica|2026\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[1]<\/a><\/sup><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"ib-row\">\n<td class=\"ib-label\">\u0647\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u062f\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n<td class=\"ib-val\">1040\u060c \u062e\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0642\u0629<sup class=\"ref\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/event\/Battle-of-Dandanqan\" title=\"4|Battle of Dand\u0101nq\u0101n|Encyclopaedia Britannica|2026\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[4]<\/a><\/sup><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"ib-row\">\n<td class=\"ib-label\">\u0633\u0642\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<td class=\"ib-val\">1186\u060c \u0633\u0642\u0648\u0637 \u0644\u0627\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646<sup class=\"ref\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Ghaznavid-dynasty\" title=\"1|Ghaznavid dynasty | Empire, Rulers, &amp; History|Encyclopaedia Britannica|2026\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[1]<\/a><\/sup><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<div class=\"ib-foot\">COSMALORE \u00b7 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2>\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627: \u0633\u0628\u0643\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0633\u0628\u0643\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0641\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0629\u060c \u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u063a\u0632\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0644\u0628 <a href=\"https:\/\/cosmalore.com\/ar\/2026\/08\/19\/%d8%a7%d9%81%d8%ba%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%a7%d9%86\/\" class=\"cl-auto-link\" title=\"\u0627\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\">\u0623\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<sup class=\"ref\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Ghaznavid-dynasty\" title=\"1|Ghaznavid dynasty | Empire, Rulers, &amp; History|Encyclopaedia Britannica|2026\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[1]<\/a><\/sup>. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644 \u0633\u0628\u0643\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0647 \u0648\u064a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0631\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630\u0647 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0636\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0628\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629<sup class=\"ref\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Ghaznavid-dynasty\" title=\"1|Ghaznavid dynasty | Empire, Rulers, &amp; History|Encyclopaedia Britannica|2026\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[1]<\/a><\/sup>. \u0648\u0628\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1005\u0645\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0645\u062a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u064a\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0646\u0648\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0643\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062e\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0643\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u062c\u064a\u062d\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u064b\u0627<sup class=\"ref\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Ghaznavid-dynasty\" title=\"1|Ghaznavid dynasty | Empire, Rulers, &amp; History|Encyclopaedia Britannica|2026\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[1]<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<h2>\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627: \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0630\u0631\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a<\/h2>\n<p>\u062a\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u0643\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0634 \u0633\u0646\u0629 998\u0645 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0646\u0643\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0623\u0645\u0636\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0643\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u062e \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0637\u0645\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u062a \u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0643\u0645\u0647<sup class=\"ref\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mahmud-king-of-Ghazna\" title=\"3|Ma\u1e25m\u016bd | Afghan Ruler &amp; Conqueror|Encyclopaedia Britannica|2026\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[3]<\/a><\/sup>. \u0648\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0628\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0644\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0627\u0633\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0636\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062e\u0636\u0639\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0634\u062c\u0639\u0647 \u0635\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a\u0647<sup class=\"ref\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mahmud-king-of-Ghazna\" title=\"3|Ma\u1e25m\u016bd | Afghan Ruler &amp; Conqueror|Encyclopaedia Britannica|2026\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[3]<\/a><\/sup>. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u062c \u0642\u0648\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0647\u062f\u0647\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0623\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u062c\u064a\u062d\u0648\u0646 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u064a \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0632\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 <a href=\"https:\/\/cosmalore.com\/ar\/2026\/08\/16\/pueblo-state\/\" class=\"cl-auto-link\" title=\"\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0647\u064a\u0629\">\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0647\u064a\u0629<\/a> \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0647\u0645\u0630\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628<sup class=\"ref\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Ghaznavid-dynasty\" title=\"1|Ghaznavid dynasty | Empire, Rulers, &amp; History|Encyclopaedia Britannica|2026\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[1]<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<h2>\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u064b\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>\u0648\u0633\u0651\u0639 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0633\u0628\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u060c \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627<sup class=\"ref\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/summary\/Mahmud-king-of-Ghazna\" title=\"2|Ma\u1e25m\u016bd of Ghazna summary|Encyclopaedia Britannica|2026\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[2]<\/a><\/sup>. \u0648\u0628\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u062c\u062d\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0634\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0641 \u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0643\u0634\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0642\u0633\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646<sup class=\"ref\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mahmud-king-of-Ghazna\" title=\"3|Ma\u1e25m\u016bd | Afghan Ruler &amp; Conqueror|Encyclopaedia Britannica|2026\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[3]<\/a><\/sup>. \u0648\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u062a\u062d \u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0635\u0627\u0631\u0645\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u062c\u0646\u0648\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0647\u0646\u0648\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641 \u062c\u064a\u0634\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647<sup class=\"ref\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ebsco.com\/research-starters\/history\/reign-mahmud-ghazna\" title=\"5|Reign of Mahm\u016bd of Ghazna|EBSCO Research Starters|2026\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[5]<\/a><\/sup>. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0638\u0644 \u0625\u0631\u062b \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u062c\u062f\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0628 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u064a\u064f\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0649 \u0628\u0647 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u063a\u0627\u0632\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u062d\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0646\u0647\u0628 \u062b\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0621<sup class=\"ref\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ebsco.com\/research-starters\/history\/reign-mahmud-ghazna\" title=\"5|Reign of Mahm\u016bd of Ghazna|EBSCO Research Starters|2026\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[5]<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u064b\u0627: \u063a\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0633\u064a<\/h2>\n<p>\u0648\u0638\u0651\u0641 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062c\u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u063a\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0627\u0645\u0639\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u062a\u064a \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0637\u0646\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<sup class=\"ref\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ebsco.com\/research-starters\/history\/reign-mahmud-ghazna\" title=\"5|Reign of Mahm\u016bd of Ghazna|EBSCO Research Starters|2026\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[5]<\/a><\/sup>. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0623\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u062a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u0627\u0637 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1010\u0645 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647&#8221;\u060c \u0623\u064a &#8220;\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0643&#8221;\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0643\u064a<sup class=\"ref\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Ghaznavid-dynasty\" title=\"1|Ghaznavid dynasty | Empire, Rulers, &amp; History|Encyclopaedia Britannica|2026\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[1]<\/a><\/sup>. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0635\u0644\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u063a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0637\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f \u0644\u064a\u0635\u0628\u063a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a \u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\n\u0628\u0633\u064a \u0631\u0646\u062c \u0628\u0631\u062f\u0645 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u06cc\u060c \u0639\u062c\u0645 \u0632\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0646 \u067e\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc.<br \/>\n<strong>\u2014 \u0623\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062e\u062a\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0644\u0627\u0637 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0646\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0646\u062d\u0648 1010\u0645<\/strong>\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h2>\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u064b\u0627: \u0645\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0647\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u062f\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062e\u0644\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u062a\u064a 1031 \u06481041\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0631\u062b\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0639\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643<sup class=\"ref\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Ghaznavid-dynasty\" title=\"1|Ghaznavid dynasty | Empire, Rulers, &amp; History|Encyclopaedia Britannica|2026\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[1]<\/a><\/sup>. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0637\u063a\u0631\u0644 \u0628\u0643\u060c \u0636\u0639\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u063a\u0632\u0646\u0648\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0648\u0627 \u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0633\u0642\u0637\u062a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0648 \u0637\u0648\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1037\u0645\u060c \u062a\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u062a\u0627 \u0647\u0631\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1038\u0645<sup class=\"ref\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/event\/Battle-of-Dandanqan\" title=\"4|Battle of Dand\u0101nq\u0101n|Encyclopaedia Britannica|2026\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[4]<\/a><\/sup>. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0629 1040\u0645\u060c \u0642\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u062c\u064a\u0634\u0647 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062f\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0642\u0644\u0639\u0629 \u0635\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0648 \u0648\u0633\u0631\u062e\u0633\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0647\u0627\u062c\u0645\u062a \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u062a\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0623\u0644\u062d\u0642\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0629<sup class=\"ref\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/event\/Battle-of-Dandanqan\" title=\"4|Battle of Dand\u0101nq\u0101n|Encyclopaedia Britannica|2026\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[4]<\/a><\/sup>. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u062e\u0633\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062b\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0622\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0649 \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0646<sup class=\"ref\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Ghaznavid-dynasty\" title=\"1|Ghaznavid dynasty | Empire, Rulers, &amp; History|Encyclopaedia Britannica|2026\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[1]<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633\u064b\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0623\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0639\u0642\u0628 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u062b\u0629 \u062f\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0635\u062a \u0631\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u0630\u0631\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0623\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u0643\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1186\u0645\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0648\u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<sup class=\"ref\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Ghaznavid-dynasty\" title=\"1|Ghaznavid dynasty | Empire, Rulers, &amp; History|Encyclopaedia Britannica|2026\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[1]<\/a><\/sup>. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0646\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0646\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0623\u062b\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f \u0644\u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0637\u064f\u0628\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0635\u0631 \u0644\u0634\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0647\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u062b\u0651\u0631 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0648\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633<sup class=\"ref\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Ghaznavid-dynasty\" title=\"1|Ghaznavid dynasty | Empire, Rulers, &amp; History|Encyclopaedia Britannica|2026\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[1]<\/a><\/sup>. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0634\u064a\u0651\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u062a\u064a 1099 \u06481115\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u063a\u0632\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0633\u0644\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0636\u0631\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064f\u0651\u0631\u0628\u0629&#8221;<sup class=\"ref\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Ghaznavid-dynasty\" title=\"1|Ghaznavid dynasty | Empire, Rulers, &amp; History|Encyclopaedia Britannica|2026\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[1]<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639\u064b\u0627: \u0633\u0642\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646<\/h2>\n<p>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0639\u062f \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0632 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0635\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0623\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u064f\u0631\u0641\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0632\u0639\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0646\u0648\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u063a\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1151\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0635\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0635 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0633\u0642\u0637\u062a \u0644\u0627\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1186\u0645\u060c \u0644\u062a\u064f\u0633\u062f\u0644 \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644<sup class=\"ref\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Ghaznavid-dynasty\" title=\"1|Ghaznavid dynasty | Empire, Rulers, &amp; History|Encyclopaedia Britannica|2026\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[1]<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<h2>\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646\u064b\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>\u062e\u0644\u0651\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0645\u062b\u0651\u0644\u062a \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u062c\u062d \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u062e \u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631 \u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0645\u062a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0647\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062d\u0643\u0645\u062a \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f \u0642\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<sup class=\"ref\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ebsco.com\/research-starters\/history\/reign-mahmud-ghazna\" title=\"5|Reign of Mahm\u016bd of Ghazna|EBSCO Research Starters|2026\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[5]<\/a><\/sup>. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0647\u0645\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0632\u062f\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0632\u062f\u0647\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0636\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0625\u0631\u062b \u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a \u064a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0625\u0631\u062b\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0634\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2322,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2,94],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2319","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-history","category-94"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cosmalore.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2319","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cosmalore.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cosmalore.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cosmalore.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cosmalore.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2319"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/cosmalore.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2319\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3109,"href":"https:\/\/cosmalore.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2319\/revisions\/3109"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cosmalore.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2322"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cosmalore.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2319"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cosmalore.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2319"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cosmalore.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2319"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}