{"id":1184,"date":"2026-04-28T17:31:32","date_gmt":"2026-04-28T14:01:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cosmalore.com\/ar\/2026\/04\/28\/%d9%86%d9%88%d9%81%d9%88%d8%b3%d9%8a%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%b1%d8%b3%d9%83\/"},"modified":"2026-04-28T17:31:32","modified_gmt":"2026-04-28T14:01:32","slug":"%d9%86%d9%88%d9%81%d9%88%d8%b3%d9%8a%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%b1%d8%b3%d9%83","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cosmalore.com\/ar\/wiki\/%d9%86%d9%88%d9%81%d9%88%d8%b3%d9%8a%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%b1%d8%b3%d9%83\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0646\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0643"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"geo-wrap\"><link rel=\"preload\" as=\"image\" href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/a\/a4\/Opera-and-Ballet-theatre-Novosibirsk.jpg\" fetchpriority=\"high\">\n<p class=\"geo-subtitle\">\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/p>\n<figure class=\"geo-img-main\"><img src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/a\/a4\/Opera-and-Ballet-theatre-Novosibirsk.jpg\" alt=\"\u0646\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0643\" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\" loading=\"eager\" fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"sync\" onerror=\"this.closest('figure').style.display='none'\"><figcaption>\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0643<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<div class=\"geo-intro\">\n<p>\u0646\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0643 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0643 \u0648\u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627. \u062a\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0641\u0627\u0641 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u0648\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0648\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627. \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 \u0643\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629. \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0643 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 453.7 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639. \u0648\u064a\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 1.634 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2023\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646. \u062a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 3590 \u0646\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639. \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062b\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0643 \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a. <sup class=\"ref\"><a href=\"https:\/\/rosstat.gov.ru\/storage\/mediabank\/26.03.2024_MSK_Regionalnye_pokazateli.xlsx\" title=\"1|Rosstat|Population and Area|2024\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[1]<\/a><\/sup> \u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1893\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0646\u0634\u0623\u062a \u0643\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0637\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062c\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u0648\u0628. \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u064a\u062a\u064a. \u0644\u0639\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u062c\u0644\u0627\u0624\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064b\u0627 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0646\u060c \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0644 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0643 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645. \u062a\u0636\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062c\u0630\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631. \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0644\u0648\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"geo-table-wrap\">\n<div class=\"geo-table-title\">\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/div>\n<table class=\"geo-info-table\">\n<tbody>\n<tr class=\"geo-tg\">\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a<\/th>\n<td class=\"geo-val\">\u0646\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0643<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f<\/th>\n<td class=\"geo-val\">\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>\u062a\u0623\u0633\u0633\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0645<\/th>\n<td class=\"geo-val\">1893<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"geo-tg\">\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/th>\n<td class=\"geo-val\">55\u00b002\u203200\u2033N 82\u00b055\u203200\u2033E<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 (\u0643\u0645\u00b2)<\/th>\n<td class=\"geo-val\">453.7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631<\/th>\n<td class=\"geo-val\">100-200 \u0645\u062a\u0631 (\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 135 \u0645\u062a\u0631)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"geo-tg\">\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 (2025)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646<\/th>\n<td class=\"geo-val\">1,634,000 (\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2023) <sup class=\"ref\"><a href=\"https:\/\/rosstat.gov.ru\/storage\/mediabank\/26.03.2024_MSK_Regionalnye_pokazateli.xlsx\" title=\"2|Rosstat|Population|2024\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[2]<\/a><\/sup><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<td class=\"geo-val\">2,151,000 (\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2023) <sup class=\"ref\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.citypopulation.de\/en\/world\/europe\/russia\/novosibirsk\/\" title=\"3|CityPopulation.de|Urban Population|2024\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[3]<\/a><\/sup><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 (\u0646\/\u0643\u0645\u00b2)<\/th>\n<td class=\"geo-val\">3590<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"geo-tg\">\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629<\/th>\n<td class=\"geo-val\">\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<td class=\"geo-val\">\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"geo-tg\">\n<td colspan=\"2\">\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a<\/th>\n<td class=\"geo-val\">\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0643 \u062a\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u062e\u0627 (Tolmachevo Airport)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0648<\/th>\n<td class=\"geo-val\">\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0648 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0643 (\u062e\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<td class=\"geo-val\">\u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u062a \u0623\u0648\u0645\u0633\u0643 (UTC+6)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"geo-map-wrap\">\n<div class=\"geo-table-title\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0629<\/div>\n<p><iframe src=\"https:\/\/www.openstreetmap.org\/export\/embed.html?bbox=82.809375,54.9796875,83.090625,55.1203125&amp;layer=mapnik&amp;marker=55.05,82.95\" width=\"100%\" height=\"320\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" loading=\"lazy\" title=\"\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0643\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<figure class=\"geo-img-locator\"><img src=\"https:\/\/maps.wikimedia.org\/img\/55.05,82.95,10\/600x300.png\" alt=\"\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0643\" width=\"600\" height=\"300\" loading=\"eager\" fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" onerror=\"this.closest('figure').style.display='none'\"><figcaption>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0640\u0646\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0643<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<div class=\"geo-article\">\n<p>\u062a\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0643\u060c \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0641\u0627\u0641 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645. \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627 \u0648\u0622\u0633\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0648\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0627\u064b \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629. \u064a\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u0647\u0648\u0628 \u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0627\u064b \u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u064b. <\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0643 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0636\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0633\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0637 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632. \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u0648\u0628 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0642\u0631\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0644\u062a\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0629. <\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a<\/h3>\n<figure class=\"geo-img-inline\"><img src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/6\/6b\/Akademgorodok_Airphoto.jpg\" alt=\"\u0646\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0643\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" onerror=\"this.closest('figure').style.display='none'\"><figcaption>\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u063a\u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u0648\u0643\u060c \u0636\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0643<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0642. \u064a\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u0648\u0628 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0642\u0633\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0625\u064a\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u062c\u0630\u0627\u0628\u0627\u064b. <\/p>\n<h2>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629<\/h2>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0645\u062a\u062f \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 702 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639 <sup class=\"ref\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA#%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F\" title=\"ru|\u0648\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0628\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627|\u0646\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0643|2023\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[1]<\/a><\/sup>. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0639\u0628 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629. <\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0648\u0632\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0632\u0647\u0627\u062a. \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u0648\u0628 \u062e\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0649\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0636\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0633\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0629. <\/p>\n<h2>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e<\/h2>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0643 \u0628\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e \u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0631\u0637\u0628\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u062a\u0627\u0621 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u064a\u0641 \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644. \u062a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 1.4 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 <sup class=\"ref\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA#%D0%9A%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82\" title=\"ru|\u0648\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0628\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627|\u0646\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0643|2023\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[2]<\/a><\/sup>. \u062a\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u062a\u0644 \u0647\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062a\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629. <\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062a\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u062a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642\u0637 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0641 \u0644\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0648\u062c. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 20 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u0647\u0631 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 30 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645. \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638\u0629. <\/p>\n<h2>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633<\/h2>\n<h3>\u0646\u0634\u0623\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0623\u0633\u0633\u062a \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1893\u060c \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062c\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u0648\u0628 <sup class=\"ref\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA#%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F\" title=\"ru|\u0648\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0628\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627|\u0646\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0643|2023\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[3]<\/a><\/sup>. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0637\u0646\u0629 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 &#8220;\u063a\u0648\u0646\u0634\u064a\u0641\u0648&#8221;\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0648\u0643\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639. <\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631<\/h3>\n<figure class=\"geo-img-inline\"><img src=\"https:\/\/pixabay.com\/get\/g76d9f98680b9801a26e385e83df2f265c522ca6ad5a04e90aac2a96893b39363c8e0d7edbe9bc0128975712455daca7c2c10af070dc3bf9d39baf7bf2d60483b_640.jpg\" alt=\"\u0646\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0643\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" onerror=\"this.closest('figure').style.display='none'\"><figcaption>\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u0634\u0647\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0637\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0627\u064b\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1897\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0630\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1903\u060c \u062d\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 &#8220;\u0646\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0641\u0633\u0643&#8221; \u062a\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0635\u0631 \u0646\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a. <\/p>\n<h2>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a<\/h2>\n<h3>\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0639\u062f \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1917\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 &#8220;\u0646\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0643&#8221; \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1926 <sup class=\"ref\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA#%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F\" title=\"ru|\u0648\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0628\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627|\u0646\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0643|2023\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[3]<\/a><\/sup>. \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0634\u0647\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0627\u064b \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u062c\u0644\u0627\u0624\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u064a\u062a\u064a. <\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0639\u0632\u0632\u062a \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0643 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a. \u062a\u0623\u0633\u0633 &#8220;\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u063a\u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u0648\u0643&#8221; (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629) \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1957\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a \u0636\u062e\u0645 \u064a\u0636\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 <sup class=\"ref\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%90%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BA\" title=\"ru|\u0648\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0628\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627|\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u063a\u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u0648\u0643|2023\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[4]<\/a><\/sup>. \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u0627\u064b \u0631\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u062e \u0633\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631. <\/p>\n<h2>\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646<\/h2>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0643 \u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0628\u0644\u063a \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 1.63 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2021 <sup class=\"ref\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA#%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5\" title=\"ru|\u0648\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0628\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627|\u0646\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0643|2023\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[5]<\/a><\/sup>. \u0634\u0647\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0627\u064b \u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0637\u0631\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u062f\u0641\u0648\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0630\u0628. <\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629. \u064a\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0627\u062d\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 &#8220;\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u063a\u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u0648\u0643&#8221;\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629. <\/p>\n<h2>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0642\u064a<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u0645\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062a\u0636\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062a\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 <sup class=\"ref\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA#%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5\" title=\"ru|\u0648\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0628\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627|\u0646\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0643|2023\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[5]<\/a><\/sup>. <\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062b\u0648\u0630\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0623\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0648\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. <\/p>\n<h2>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0643 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u0627\u064b \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627. \u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a &#8220;\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u063a\u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u0648\u0643&#8221;\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629. <\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/h3>\n<figure class=\"geo-img-inline\"><img src=\"https:\/\/pixabay.com\/get\/gbc9ef308d0288af41a7dafd0cf6a9d5e167cebddf470d71dde95bf391c6c7ef012af1a58cedefe541e5f7adc1eca89c4725fdfbf25e231aba1cfd6713e1ed80d_640.jpg\" alt=\"\u0646\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0643\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" onerror=\"this.closest('figure').style.display='none'\"><figcaption>\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u0648\u0628 \u064a\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0643<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0643 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u0627\u064b \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0648\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627\u064b. \u062a\u0636\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0648\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638\u0627\u064b. <\/p>\n<h2>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642<\/h2>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0632\u062e\u0631 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629. \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0633\u0648\u0642 &#8220;\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0646&#8221; (Sodemin) \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0632\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629. <\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0634\u0647\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649. \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0643 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u062a\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0636\u062e\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0636\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u062a\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629. <\/p>\n<h2>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a<\/h2>\n<h3>\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0643 \u0628\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0636\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0633\u0643\u0643 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a (\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0641\u0648) \u064a\u0631\u0628\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629. <\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a<\/h3>\n<figure class=\"geo-img-inline\"><img src=\"https:\/\/pixabay.com\/get\/g76f976b3fc520b24b2140b28ca13b5d5c7f206f5a8061ddc344b1e335e42032328c045bbd9026eb512431e0f835564225a6559aa37c1fc6f8784647b1c49618e_640.jpg\" alt=\"\u0646\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0643\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" onerror=\"this.closest('figure').style.display='none'\"><figcaption>\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u0648\u0628 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062a\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0648. \u0627\u0641\u062a\u062a\u062d \u0645\u062a\u0631\u0648 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1986\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u0631. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629. <\/p>\n<h2>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629. <\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 10 \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 (\u0623\u0648 \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631)\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0648\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0633\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644. <\/p>\n<h2>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629<\/h2>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0632\u062e\u0631 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0642. \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u062d\u0641 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0636\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u062a\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0646\u062f\u0631 \u0646\u064a\u0641\u0633\u0643\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629. <\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0643 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629. \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0628\u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0631\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064b \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062a\u0636\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0647\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0629. <\/p>\n<h2>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0648\u0646<\/h2>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0643 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627. \u062a\u0636\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u062a\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639 &#8220;\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u063a\u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u0648\u0643&#8221; \u0628\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0629. <\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<figure class=\"geo-img-inline\"><img src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/6\/6b\/Akademgorodok_Airphoto.jpg\" alt=\"\u0646\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0643\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" onerror=\"this.closest('figure').style.display='none'\"><figcaption>\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062a\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0648\u062c<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0632\u062f\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0643. \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0636\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u062d\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627. \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0631\u062d \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0628\u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0639\u0631\u0648\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645. <\/p>\n<h2>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/h2>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0643\u060c \u0643\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629. <\/p>\n<h3>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0638\u0644 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1183,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[45,56],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1184","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-45","category-56"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cosmalore.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1184","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cosmalore.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cosmalore.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cosmalore.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cosmalore.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1184"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/cosmalore.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1184\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cosmalore.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1183"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cosmalore.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1184"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cosmalore.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1184"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cosmalore.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1184"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}